2018—2022年某综合性三甲医院住院死亡病例分析

Statistical analysis of death cases among inpatients from a tertiary general hospital from 2018 to 2022

目的 分析2018—2022年某综合性三甲医院住院患者死亡病例特征,为科学合理配置医疗资源,加强医疗质量管理提供参考。方法 从该院病案信息系统中提取2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日的所有出院患者信息,对出院患者和死亡病例总数、年龄、性别分布以及疾病诊断等,采用Excel 2007和SPSS 18.0软件进行数据整理和统计分析。结果 675例死亡病例中,男性病例443例(65.63%),女性232例(34.37%),住院患者病死率0.64%;死亡原因居前3位的疾病为循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、肿瘤,分别占总死亡病例数的28.44%、28.30%和27.56%;死亡病例男女性别比1.91∶1,病死率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.068,P<0.001)。年龄越大,病死率越高,50岁以上病死率迅速上升。结论 医院住院患者病死率总体较低,老年人是该院的死亡高危人群,循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病是最主要的死亡原因。在医疗工作中,应根据患者年龄、性别、死亡高发病种等特点,科学合理配置医疗资源,降低住院患者病死率。

Objective To analyze the disease characteristics of inpatient deaths in a tertiary general hospital from 2018 to 2022,and provide reference for the rational allocation of medical resources and the strengthening of medical quality management.Methods All inpatient information from the hospital information system from January 1,2018 to December 31,2022 were extracted for statistical analysis from the aspects of gender,age,death disease,case fatality rate,and death disease composition of hospitalized deaths with the use of Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.Results The mortality rate of inpatients was 0.64%.There were 443 male cases(65.63%)and 232 female cases(34.37%)among the 675 deaths.The top three causes of death were circulatory system diseases,respiratory system diseases,and tumors accounting for 28.44%,28.30%,and 27.56%of total deaths,respectively.The gender ratio of male to female deaths was 1.91∶1,the fatality rate was higher in males than in females,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=46.068,P<0.001).The higher the age,the higher the fatality rate.The mortality rate rapidly increased after the age of 50.Conclusion The mortality rate of inpatients in the hospital is generally low,and the elderly are at high risk of death.Circulatory system diseases,malignant tumors and respiratory system diseases were the main causes of death.In medical work,medical resources should be scientifically and reasonably allocated based on patient gender,age,high incidence of mortality,and department characteristics to reduce case fatality rate.