温州社区45岁以上中老年骨质疏松患病情况及影响因素分析

Prevalence of osteoporosis and its influencing factors in middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old in Wenzhou

目的调查温州社区45岁以上中老年人群骨质疏松症的患病情况,并分析影响因素,为制定骨质疏松预防控制措施提供依据。方法采取方便抽样的方法,于2023年7—12月选取1064例温州社区45岁以上常驻居民为研究对象,开展问卷调查,采用超声骨密度测定仪测量并记录研究对象桡骨远端1/3骨密度。结果1064例45岁以上中老年人群中患骨质疏松者239例,患病率为22.46%;logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(OR=2.498,95%CI:1.058~5.901)、BMI(OR=1.323,95%CI:1.037~1.688)是中老年人群骨质疏松患病的危险因素,接受日照时间(OR=0.488,95%CI:0.266~0.895)、补充钙剂(OR=0.465,95%CI:0.262~0.826)、饮用牛奶(OR=0.500,95%CI:0.286~0.874)是中老年人群骨质疏松患病的保护因素。结论温州社区45岁以上中老年人群骨质疏松症的患病率较高,控制体质量、每日接受30 min以上日照、补充钙剂、饮用牛奶,有助于预防中老年人群骨质疏松症的发生,提高其生命质量。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis among middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old in Wenzhou,and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide basis for formulating osteoporosis prevention and control measures.Methods A convenient sampling method was adopted to select 1064 residents over 45 years old in Wenzhou from July to December 2023.A questionnaire survey was carried out,and the bone density of 1/3 of the distal radius of the study subjects was measured and recorded by ultrasonic bone densitometry.Results Among 1064 middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old,239 cases had osteoporosis,with a prevalence rate of 22.46%.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=2.498,95%CI:1.058-5.901),BMI(OR=1.323,95%CI:1.037-1.688)were the risk factors for the prevalence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and older population,and that receiving sunshine hours(OR=0.488,95%CI:0.266-0.895),calcium supplementation(OR=0.465,95%CI:0.262-0.826),and consumption of milk(OR=0.500,95%CI:0.286-0.874)were protective factors for the prevalence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly population.Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly population over 45 years old is high in Wenzhou community.Weight control,daily exposure to more than 30min of sunlight,calcium supplementation,and milk drinking can help to prevent osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly population and improve their quality of life.