妮莎古歌的羌族式天问考释——兼与屈原《天问》比较

The Qiangic Way in Querying the Heaven via Nisha Ancient Songs--A Comparative Study with Qu Yuan’s Tianwen in Passing

羌族多声部妮莎古歌诗句中,约有1500个左右针对天地万物的问答。这应当看作是羌族古典多声部歌诗形式的天问。这些问答涉及天地之初、开辟鸿蒙、天地翻腾、巨人转变、远古时代、神与古人、四大天柱、宇宙四锁、天地父母、水系流脉、森林何生、人间母舅、耕作游戏等,其表述特别,想象奇妙。数以千计的羌族式天问与屈原之《天问》有着某些异曲同工之妙,是藏羌彝文化走廊中羌族的宝贵口传语言经典,同时是长江上游古文化中的问天究地之作,是中华民族诗歌中璀璨的一页。

In the verses of Qiangic multi-voiced Nisha ancient songs,there are roughly 1500 verses querying the heaven,the earth and the universal things.Those imaginative questions asked are related to the origins of the earth and the heaven,the primordial world,ancient times,four great locks of autumn fogs,winter ice,spring rain and summer sunshine in the universe,parentage of the earth and the heaven,immortals and ancients,colossal skyhigh pillars,river systems and their basins,origins of forestry,human relatives like mothers and mothers’brothers,sporting farming and hunting.Numerous questions asked in the Qiangic style,somewhat similar to Qu Yuan’s querying the heaven in his masterwork Tianwen,are Qiangic precious oral literary classics of in the Zang-Qiang-Yi Culture Corridor,leaving a resplendent page in the poetry of the Chinese nation.