初诊2型糖尿病肥胖患者自我管理行为的潜在剖面分析

Latent profile analysis of self-care activities in newly diagnosed obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的 分析初诊2型糖尿病肥胖患者自我管理行为的潜在剖面类别特征及影响因素,为制订个体化干预措施提供依据。方法 便利选取2022年3月至2023年3月收治的新诊断2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、糖尿病自我管理行为量表、糖尿病风险感知量表对其进行调查。使用潜在剖面分析识别患者自我管理行为潜在剖面类别,多项Logistic回归分析患者自我管理行为潜在剖面类别的影响因素。结果 最终纳入113例初诊2型糖尿病肥胖患者,其自我管理行为分为3个剖面类别:自我管理高效型26例占23.0%,自我管理有效型33例占29.2%,自我管理欠缺型54例占47.8%。相比较于“自我管理欠缺型”,糖尿病风险感知量表得分越高的患者归属于“自我管理高效型”和“自我管理有效型”的概率越大(OR=9.062、4.208,P<0.05);本科以上文化程度、家庭人均月收入>5 000元归属于“自我管理高效型”的概率大(OR=0.033、0.034,P<0.05)。结论 初诊2型糖尿病肥胖患者自我管理行为有3种潜在剖面类别,医护人员应根据其自我管理行为特征实施针对性干预措施。

Objective To explore the the latent class and influencing factors of self-care activities in newly diagnosed obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),thus providing basis for targeted intervention.Methods The newly diagnosed obese patients with T2DM visited our hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were enrolled,the general information questionnaire,Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities(SDSCA),Risk Perception Survey-Diabetes Mellitus were assessed.Latent profile analysis was used to explore the latent class of self-care activities,and multinomial Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the the influencing factors for self-care activities characteristics.Results A total of 113 newly diagnosed obese patients with T2DM were finally enrolled,the proportion of high self-care,effective self-care and low self-care were 23.0%(26/113),29.2%(33/113)and 47.8%(54/113),respectively.Compared with the type of“low self-care”,patients with higher scores of SDSCA were more likely to be classified as“high self-care”and“effective self-care”type(OR=9.062,4.208,P<0.05).Patients with bachelor’s or above degree and monthly income over 5000 yuan more likely to be classified as“high self-care”type(OR=0.033,0.034,P<0.05).Conclusion There are three latent profiles of self-care activities newly diagnosed obese patients with T2DM,medical staff should implement targeted interventions based on their self-care activities characteristics.