小儿颈部淋巴管瘤的超声诊断及血流特征分析

Ultrasonic diagnosis of cervical lymphangiomas in children and analysis of blood flow characteristics

目的 分析超声诊断小儿颈部淋巴管瘤的声像图特点及血流特征。方法 选择2016年6月至2019年6月收治的超声疑似颈部淋巴管瘤患儿50例,以手术病理诊断作为金标准,计算超声诊断符合率,分析巨囊型淋巴管瘤、微囊型淋巴管瘤、混合型淋巴管瘤的超声特征及阻力指数、静脉流速、收缩期峰值流速。结果 50例患儿手术病理中,巨囊型淋巴管瘤35例(70.0%),微囊型淋巴管瘤8例(16.0%),混合型淋巴管瘤3例(6.0%),淋巴血管畸形4例(8.0%)。超声诊断符合率为92.0%。巨囊型淋巴管瘤的阻力指数、静脉流速、收缩期峰值流速最高,其次是微囊型淋巴管瘤,最低的是混合型淋巴管瘤,三者间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 超声在小儿颈部淋巴管瘤的诊断中准确性高,为临床医师制定治疗方案提供科学依据。

Objective To analyze ultrasonic diagnosis and blood flow characteristics of cervical lymphangiomas in children.Methods A total of 50 children with cervical lymphangiomas suspected on ultrasound scans from June 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively enrolled.Using the surgical pathology diagnosis as the gold standard,the coincidence rate of ultrasonic diagnosis was calculated.Ultrasonic characteristics,resistance index,venous flow rate and peak systolic velocity of the macrocystic lymphangiomas,microcystic lymphangiomas and mixed cystic lymphangiomas were analyzed.Results Among 50 children with pathological diagnosis of cervical lymphangiomas,there were 35 cases(70.0%)of macrocystic lymphangiomas,8 cases(16.0%)of microcystic lymphangioma,3 cases(6.0%)of mixed cystic lymphangiomas and 4 cases(8.0%)of lymphatic vascular malformation.The coincidence rate of ultrasonic diagnosis was 92.0%.Macrocystic lymphangiomas had the highest resistance index,venous flow velocity and peak systolic flow velocity,followed by microcystic lymphangiomas and mixed cystic lymphangiomas,with significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound has a high accuracy in the diagnosis of cervical lymphangiomas of children,providing a scientific basis for clinicians to make treatment plans.