2018—2021年医院药品不良反应1155例报告分析

Analysis of 1 155 cases of adverse drug reactions in hospitals from 2018 to 2021

目的 分析药品不良反应(ADR)发生规律和相关因素,提高ADR监测和临床合理用药水平。方法 将2018年1月—2021年12月酒泉市人民医院上报的1 155例不良反应事件纳入研究,分析患者性别、年龄等基线资料并对引发ADR的给药途径、药物类别、临床表现、累及器官/系统等情况进行统计分析。结果 1 155例ADR报告中,男女比例为1∶1.2;以50~59岁年龄段发生率最高;经静脉给药发生ADR风险最高,其次为口服给药;已知一般ADR发生率最高,新的严重ADR发生率最低;抗菌药物引发ADR最多,其次为抗肿瘤药物、中药注射剂等;皮肤及其附件是ADR受累最为突出的器官/系统,消化系统次之。结论 临床上多种因素均可引发ADR,因此医务人员在临床用药过程中应加强药物安全性检测,以提高用药合理性。

Objective To analyze the regularity and related factors of adverse drug reactions(ADR),and improve the level of ADR monitoring and clinical rational drug use.Methods A total of 1155 ADR event from Jiuquan People′s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were included in the study.Baseline data such as gender and age of patients were analyzed,and the route of administration,drug category,clinical manifestations,and organ/system involvement of ADR were statistically analyzed.Results Among the 1155 ADR reports,the ratio of male to female was 1∶1.2;The incidence was highest in the age group of 50-59 years.Intravenous administration had the highest risk of ADR,followed by oral administration.The incidence of known general ADR was the highest and the incidence of new serious ADR was the lowest.Antibacterial drugs caused the most ADR,followed by antitumor drugs,traditional Chinese medicine injections,etc.Skin and its appendages were the most prominent organs/systems affected by ADR,followed by digestive system.Conclusion Many clinical factors can cause ADR,so medical personnel should strengthen drug safety testing in clinical drug use to improve the rationality of drug use.