高教与职教的整合连接:菲律宾国家资历框架发展现状与特色取向

Integration and Connection of Higher Education and Vocational Education:Developing Status and Characteristic Orientation of the Philippine National Qualification Framework

随着全球化进程不断深入,资历框架在全球教育与职业发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用。正是深刻地认识到了国家资历框架建立和发展的重要性,故而菲律宾政府着力推动国家资历框架的建制与实施,将其列为国家的首要任务之一。菲律宾国家资历框架注重成果导向教育,强调跨部门合作,意在借助教育体系的深刻革新实现职业教育与高等教育的有效整合和连接,以提升劳动力市场的贯通性和有序流动,从而增强菲律宾人才和劳动力在国际劳动力市场中的竞争力。经爬梳发现,菲律宾国家资历框架肇始于其本国“人”的因素、教育进程和东盟的整合需要;其目前拥有着八大层级,对应八种描述,菲律宾专门出台了三个政策法规用以保障框架的建制与实施,到目前为止,该框架已经形成了三大目标和两个机构,并且配有三个配套措施。总结起来,菲律宾国家资历框架具有至少三大特色取向,即适应性、协同性与联通性。菲律宾国家资历框架的建制与实施对我国在全球化背景下制定自己的国家资历框架具有一定的参考价值与借鉴作用。

With the continuous deepening of globalization,qualification frameworks are playing a more and more important role in global education and career development.The Philippines deeply recognizes the significance of establishing and developing its own national qualification framework,so the Philippine government has been focusing on promoting the establishment and implementation of the national qualification framework,making it a priority for national development.The Philippines National Qualification Framework focuses on results oriented learning and emphasizes cross-departmental cooperation,aiming to achieve effective connection and integration of vocational education and higher education through profound reforms in the education system,in order to enhance interconnectivity and orderly flow of the labor market,and thereby enhance the competitiveness of the Philippine talents and labor force in the international labor market.After reviewing,it was found that the Philippine national qualification framework originated from its own“human”factors,education progress,and the integration needs of ASEAN;It currently has eight levels,corresponding to eight descriptions.Along the these years,the Philippines has specially introduced three policies and regulations to ensure the establishment and implementation of the framework.So far,the framework has formed three major goals and two institutions,and is equipped with three supporting measures.In summary,the Philippine national qualification framework has at least three distinctive orientations,namely adaptability,synergy,and connectivity,which may have certain reference value and inspiration for China to formulate its own national qualification framework in the context of globalization.