拉丁化新文字运动的优胜推行策略研究

Successful Promotion Strategies of the Latinized New Script Campaign

在拉丁化新文字运动出现之前,清末以来的一系列拼音化文字的社会推行均未达到预期愿景。而凭借相对优胜的推行策略,拉丁化新文字则取得了较为显著的传习效果。这些推行策略包括:社会文化界知名人士不遗余力地宣传,极大地提升了拉丁化新文字的影响;在官方政策保障方面,拉丁化新文字运动得到中国共产党的引领与支持,使其获得与汉字同等的法律地位;在危机处理方面,拉丁化新文字运动的宣传者们巧妙借助远东华工扫盲运动、大众语运动、民族解放运动、国语罗马字运动等各种力量,使其在逆境中得以发展。新中国成立后,随着《汉语拼音方案》的制定和颁布,拉丁化新文字逐渐退出历史舞台。在彼时剧烈的社会变革中,拉丁化新文字运动已超越语言学范畴,而承载了复杂的政治要素和文化要素。

Before the Latinized New Script Campaign,numerous phonemic transcription schemes initiated since the late Qing Dynasty(1644 AD-1911 AD)failed to achieve their intended outcomes.In contrast,the Latinized New Script demonstrated remarkable success,largely due to its effective promotion strategies.Key strategies included vigorous advocacy by prominent figures in social and cultural circles,significantly boosting the script’s influence.Official policy support from the Communist Party of China(CPC)granted the Latinized New Script legal status equivalent to Chinese characters.During crises,campaign promoters adeptly leveraged various movements,such as the Far East Chinese Workers’Literacy Movement,the Popular Language Movement,the National Liberation Movement,and the Mandarin Romanization Movement,to advance their cause despite adversities.Following the establishment of the People’s Republic of China and the introduction of the Chinese Pinyin Scheme,the Latinized New Script gradually faded from prominence.Nonetheless,the campaign’s success or failure transcended linguistic boundaries,encapsulating complex political and cultural elements amidst the era’s significant social changes.