广西不同油茶物种花蕊花蜜糖含量分析

Analysis on Contents of Saccharides in Nectar from Flower Cores of Different Youcha(Camellia)Species in Guangxi

油茶(Camellia)为异花虫媒授粉树种,自花授粉基本不育,结果依赖传粉者。为探讨油茶花蕊花蜜中的糖含量与蜜蜂访花的关系,以陆川油茶(C.vietnamensis)、广宁红花油茶(C.semiserrata)、普通油茶(C.oleifera)和香花油茶(C.osmantha)盛开期的花朵为研究对象,采用离子色谱法分析不同油茶物种花蕊花蜜中的糖类(半乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖和阿拉伯糖)含量。结果表明,离子色谱法可有效、准确地对油茶花蕊花蜜中的糖含量进行分析;不同油茶物种花蕊花蜜中的糖含量存在明显差异,但均以果糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖为主,均未检出阿拉伯糖;果糖在各油茶物种花蕊花蜜中的含量均最高。香花油茶花蕊花蜜中的果糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖含量均明显高于其他3个油茶物种,分别为19.62、8.39、14.79、0.25和0.18 mg/g。香花油茶花蕊花蜜中的果糖、蔗糖和葡萄糖含量高是其吸引中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana)访花的因素之一。

Youcha(Camellia)is cross-pollinated tree species,and its self-pollination is basically sterile,fruiting of which depends on pollinators.In order to explore relationships between contents of saccharides in nectar from flower cores of Youcha and bee visit,taking blooming flowers of C.vietnamensis,C.semiserrata,C.oleifera and C.osmantha as study objects,contents of saccharides(galactose,glucose,sucrose,maltose,fructose and arabinose)in nectar from flower cores of different Youcha species were analyzed by ion chromatography.Results showed that ion chromatography could analyze contents of saccharides in nectar from flower cores of Youcha effectively and accurately.Contents of saccharides in nectar from flower cores of different Youcha species had obvious differences,all of which were mainly composed of fructose,sucrose,glucose,galactose and maltose.Arabinose was not identified.Contents of fructose were the highest in all nectar from flower cores of different Youcha species.Contents of fructose,sucrose,glucose,galactose and maltose in nectar from C.osmantha flower cores were obviously higher than those from other three species,which were 19.62,8.39,14.79,0.25 and 0.18 mg/g respectively.The highest contents of fructose,sucrose and glucose in nectar from C.osmantha flower cores were factors that C.osmantha attracted Apis cerana to visit flowers.