高职学生学习特征:基于学习活动的潜在剖面分析

Learning Characteristics of Higher Vocational College Students:A Latent Profile Analysis Based on the Learning Activities

对学生差异特征的把握是职业教育高质量发展的重要切入点,是开展教育教学改革的前提和基础。以比格斯3P教-学模型为基础,构建高职学生学习活动分析框架,并对学生群体进行区分。通过潜在剖面分析(LPA),依据高职学生学习活动特征将其分为学习淡漠型、协作促进型、低效学习型、均衡发展型以及事半功倍型五种类型。高职学生以低效学习型为主,不同类型学生在分类变量上各有其分布特征,证明了分类探究高职学生学习特征与差异的价值。根据高职不同类型学生的学习特征,高职院校及教师应精准研判学生类型,提供差异化学习支持;把握学生类型属性,构建差异化教学方案;依据学生阶段性特点,实施精准的靶向教学策略。

Grasping the characteristics of students’differences is an important entry point for the high-quality development of vocational education,and it is the prerequisite and foundation for educational and teaching reforms.Based on Biggs’“3P”teaching-learning model,we construct a framework for analyzing higher vocational students’learning activities and differentiate student groups.Through the Latent Profile Analysis(LPA),the higher vocational education students were categorized into five types based on the characteristics of their learning activities:learning indifference,collaborative promotion,inefficient learning,balanced development and twice the effort with half the effort.Higher vocational education students are predominantly inefficient learning.Different types of students have their own distribution of demographic variables,which proves the value of exploring the learning characteristics and differences of higher vocational students through categorization.According to the learning characteristics of different types of higher vocational students,higher vocational colleges and teachers should accurately study the types of students and provide differentiated learning support;grasp the attributes of the types of students and construct differentiated teaching programs;and implement accurate targeted teaching strategies based on the stage-specific characteristics of students.