中国科技专员服务企业评价机制的构建

The Construction of Evaluation Mechanism for Science and Technology Specialists Serving Enterprises in China

目前中国的科技专员评价缺乏明确的评价标准和完善的指标体系、缺少市场化多元评价主体,同时评价结果与绩效考评缺乏衔接。科学的评价机制有助于调动科技专员服务企业的积极性和主动性,因此以胜任力冰山模型为理论基础,立足科技专员服务企业行动,以品德、能力和业绩为导向建立科技专员评价标准,明确科技专员评价方式。结合政策分析、文献计量和问卷调查,采用德尔菲法构建包含职业道德、能力素质、业绩贡献3项一级指标、7项二级指标和27项三级指标的科技专员评价指标体系,并通过层次分析法确定各项指标所占权重。其中,职业道德所占权重最高,科技专员在服务企业过程中责任驱动的重要性显著;能力素质中知识储备的权重高于实践能力,熟悉专业知识、了解创新政策、具备多元知识结构等指标是能力素质评价的关键;业绩贡献评价重点关注高精尖技术领域的突破、“卡脖子”技术难题的解决以及产业技术的优化升级。强调要以用定评、评用相适为导向,建立单位评价、社会评价、市场评价、同行评价、自我评价相适应的多元主体评价模式,并建议将评价结果作为绩效考核、评奖评优和项目申报的重要依据。

The new round of the special campaign on science and technology specialists for enterprises in China kicked off in April 2020.It encourages universities and research institutes to appoint a group of high-level technology talents as science and technology specialists to engage deeply with enterprises,and aims to provide services such as technology consultation,technical diagnosis,product development,and science popularization.To mobilize science and technology specialists to serve enterprises better,a scientific evaluation mechanism is required.However,at present,the science and technology specialist evaluation lacks clear evaluation standards and perfect index system,lacks marketoriented multiple evaluation subjects,and lacks connection between the evaluation results and performance evaluation.Therefor,based on the action of the special campaign,using the theoretical framework of competency iceberg model,this paper establishes the evaluation standards oriented towards character,ability,and performance,and clarifies the evaluation methods for science and technology specialists.The evaluation index system for science and technology specialists contains 3 first-level indicators of professional ethics,ability and quality,and performance contribution,7 second-level indicators and 27 third-level indicators.The policy analysis,bibliometrics,questionnaire surveys,as well as the Delphi method are employed in this process,and the weights of each indicator are determined through analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Results reveal that professional ethics has the highest weight in the evaluation index system,and the importance of responsibility-driven practice of science and technology specialists is significant in serving enterprises.The weight of knowledge reserve is higher than that of practical ability,indicating that a deep understanding of professional knowledge,innovation policies,and the possession of diverse knowledge are important for evaluating competence.Performance contribution evaluation focuses on breakthroughs in the field of advanced and sophisticated technology,the solution to key and core technology problems,and the optimization and upgrading of industrial technology.Following the guidance of evaluating according to the actual practice,a multi-subject evaluation model that involves evaluation from institution,social evaluation,market evaluation,peer evaluation,and selfevaluation,should be established.The evaluation results can serve as as crucial basis for performance appraisal,awards,honors,and project application.