论中文高质量科技期刊出版开放获取的发展转型:现状、成因及建议——从青铜OA迈向金色OA

Development and Transformation of Chinese High-Quality Science and Technology Journal Publishing Open Access:Status Quo,Causes and Suggestions

开放存取(Open Access, OA)是不同于传统学术传播的一种全新机制,其核心特征是在尊重作者权益的前提下,利用互联网为用户免费提供学术信息和学术研究成果全文服务,科研人员不需要通过付费就能访问学术资源及学术论文的全文。与科技期刊OA出版的国际发展大势相比,国内学术出版界的OA出版相对滞后,特别是中文科技期刊的OA出版模式亟需从青铜OA向金色OA转型,以加快与国际学术出版的接轨,进一步提升中国科技期刊的学术影响力。本文以入选《中文核心期刊要目总览(2023年版)》的部分高质量科技期刊为研究对象,通过对样本期刊官方网站和部分国内外开放获取学术平台的调研发现,在选取的148个中文高质量科技期刊研究样本中,青铜OA期刊占绝大多数,金色OA期刊占比很小,这与国际发展大趋势不相符合,不利于我国OA期刊的规范化和持续化发展。造成中文高质量科技期刊OA发展滞后的成因主要有期刊出版单位和作者OA主动意识薄弱、期刊OA规范性明显欠缺、国内OA学术平台建设相对落后等。在此基础上,提出了实现我国中文高质量科技期刊从青铜OA向金色OA出版转型的六大建议,即:(1)加强国家政策引导;(2)规范版权和知识共享协议;(3)制定合理的APC收费标准;(4)积极加入国外OA期刊数据库;(5)强化国内OA学术期刊平台建设;(6)普及开放获取和开放科学知识。

Open Access(OA)is a new mechanism different from traditional academic communication.Its core feature is to provide users with free academic information and full-text services of academic research results through the Internet on the premise of respecting the rights and interests of authors,and researchers can access academic resources and the full text of academic papers without paying fees.Compared with the international development trend of OA publishing of science and technology journals,the OA publishing of domestic academic publishing industry is relatively lagging behind,especially the OA publishing mode of Chinese science and technology journals urgently needs to transform from bronze OA to gold OA,so as to speed up the integration with international academic publishing and further enhance the academic influence of Chinese science and technology journals.This paper takes some high-quality science and technology journals selected in the Overview of Chinese Core Journals(2023 Edition)as the research object.Through the investigation of the official websites of the sample journals and some domestic and foreign open access academic platforms,it is found that among the 148 selected research samples of high-quality Chinese science and technology journals,bronze OA journals account for the majority,while golden OA journals account for a small proportion.This is not consistent with the general trend of international development,which is not conducive to the standardization and sustainable development of OA periodicals in China.The main reasons for the lagging OA development of Chinese high-quality science and technology journals are weak OA initiative consciousness of journal publishers and authors,obvious lack of standardization of journal OA,and relatively backward construction of domestic OA academic platform.On this basis,six measures are put forward to realize the transformation of Chinese high-quality science and technology journals from bronze OA to gold OA,namely:(1)To strengthen national policy guidance;(2)To regulate copyright and knowledge sharing agreements;(3)To formulate reasonable APC charging standards;(4)To actively join the foreign OA journal database;(5)To strengthen the construction of domestic OA academic journal platform;(6)To popularize open access and open scientific knowledge.