P2X嘌呤能受体通道蛋白参与实体瘤进展的研究

Research on the role of P2X receptor channel protein in the progression of solid tumors

腺苷三磷酸(adenosine triphosphate, ATP)是生物体内最普遍存在的供能物质,亦是一种重要的信号分子,肿瘤微环境中ATP的表达水平显著上调。嘌呤能受体离子通道P2X广泛分布多种组织内,微环境中ATP特异性激活P2X受体,调控门控离子通道开放,进而影响下游信号传导参与机体生理活动。而异常嘌呤能信号在肿瘤恶性进展中也发挥着重要作用。本文就P2X受体蛋白家族的结构、表达与功能特点,以及P2X受体家族参与多种实体瘤进展的机制和靶向P2X家族治疗肿瘤的研究进行了综述,以期丰富嘌呤能信号相关基础研究资料,为肿瘤临床治疗靶点的开发提供新思路和策略。

Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)is the most common energy supplier in living organisms and also an important signaling molecule.The expression level of ATP is significantly upregulated in the tumor microenvironment.The purinergic receptor ion channel P2X is widely distributed in various tissues.ATP can specifically activate the P2X receptor to induce the opening of gated ion channels in the microenvironment,thereby affecting the downstream signal transduction in regulating the physiological activities.Notably,abnormal purinergic signal plays an important role in tumor progression.This review focuses on the expression,structure,and function of the P2X receptor protein family.It also elucidates the mechanisms by which the P2X receptor family participates in the progression of various solid tumors,as well as research on targeted P2X family for tumor therapy.These studies will enrich the basic research theory related to purinergic signaling and provide the new targets and strategies for clinical therapy of solid tumors by targeting P2X family.