论“五四宪法”的地位和作用:纪念“五四宪法”颁布70周年

The Position and Role of the 1954 Constitution:Commemorating the 70th Anniversary of the Promulgation of the 1954 Constitution

“五四宪法”是中华人民共和国第一部宪法,对中国特色社会主义治国理政制度体系的确立和中国特色社会主义宪法的形成和发展具有奠基性意义。“五四宪法”既构建起国家基本制度体系、国家组织机构体系、公民基本权利义务体系,实现了中华人民共和国国家建构的任务,又奠定了中华人民共和国宪法发展的民主基础、法理基础和观念基础,是中华人民共和国宪法的基石。尽管“五四宪法”由于特殊历史原因而未能得到全面贯彻实施,但其深刻的历史教训仍为改革开放后进一步完善宪法制度,加强宪法治理提供了极宝贵的经验。我们纪念“五四宪法”就是要更加认真地对待宪法,全面准确认识其历史地位、作用和意义,继承和弘扬其中的宪法原则、宪法精神和宪法智慧,更好地发挥宪法在治国理政中的重要作用。

The 1954 Constitution is the first constitution of the People s Republic of China and holds foundational significance for the establishment of the system of governance with Chinese characteristics and the formation and development of the socialist constitution with Chinese characteristics.The 1954 Constitution not only established the basic national institutional system,the organizational system,and the system of citizens basic rights and obligations,thus fulfilling the task of state building for the People s Republic of China,but also laid the democratic,legal,and ideological foundations for the development of the constitution of the People s Republic of China.Despite the fact that the 1954 Constitution was not fully implemented due to special historical reasons,its profound historical lessons have provided invaluable experience for further improving the constitutional system and strengthening constitutional governance in the period of reform and opening up.The significance of commemorating the 1954 Constitution lies in taking the Constitution more seriously,understanding its historical status,role,and significance comprehensively and accurately,and inheriting and promoting its constitutional principles,spirit,and wisdom so as to better leverage the important role of the constitution in national governance.