他汀类药物治疗对2型糖尿病视网膜病变影响的研究进展

Research progress of statin therapy on type 2 diabetes retinopathy

随着我国糖尿病(DM)患者患病率逐年增加,其并发症未来还会进一步上升。人体代谢最活跃的组织是视网膜,因此糖尿病很容易对视网膜产生影响。持续的高血糖会损害视网膜的微血管系统,导致血流动力学改变、基底膜增厚、周细胞丢失和血-视网膜屏障(BRB)功能障碍。糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的一种微血管并发症,影响约35%的糖尿病患者,它是21世纪的一种全球性流行病,是发达国家老年人失明的主要原因,延缓其进展刻不容缓。他汀类药物以降低血液胆固醇的作用而闻名,广泛用于心血管和代谢疾病患者,其对涉及血管生成、炎症、凋亡和抗氧化的不同病理生理途径具有不同的作用,从而产生了新的治疗选择,有研究表明使用他汀类药物可以减缓糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)进展。因此,本文综述他汀类药物与糖尿病视网膜病变之间的关系,重点介绍他汀类药物在治疗中的潜在作用。

The incidence rate of diabetes in China is increasing year by year,and its complications will continue to rise in the future.The retina is the most metabolically active tissue in the body and is therefore easily affected by diabe⁃tes.Sustained hyperglycemia damages the microvasculature of the retina resulting in hemodynamic changes,thickening of the basement membrane,loss of pericytes,and blood-retinalbarier(BRB)dysfunction.Diabetes retinopathy is a microvas⁃cular complication of diabetes,affecting about 35%of diabetes patients.It is a global epidemic in the 21st century and a major cause of blindness among the elderly in developed countries.It is urgent to delay its progress.Statins are famous for their role in lowering blood cholesterol,and are widely used in patients with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.They have different effects on different pathophysiological pathways involving angiogenesis,inflammation,apoptosis and antioxi⁃dation,resulting in new treatment options.Some studies have shown that the use of statins can slow down the progress of diabetes retinopathy(DR).Therefore,this article reviews the relationship between statins and diabetes retinopathy,focus⁃ing on the potential role of statins in treatment.