生命、物质与数码物:后人类的三重伦理视域

Life,Matter and Digital Objects:The Triple Ethical Horizons of the Post-human

现代社会的发展动摇了传统人文主义的基础,也改变了人类当下的生存实况,这同时也暴露出传统主体哲学与人类中心主义的偏狭与不足。人类不得不面向更具有多元性与偶然性的后人类时代。后人类时代从以下几个方面展现出新的伦理视域:首先,生命不再是人类所能规划的对象,生命具有更深远的开放性,人类只是生命活动中的一种表现形式;其次,物质也并非完全的惰性者,物质也在积极地参与人类的感知,意义世界的开启并不只由人类主导;最后,数码物自身构成了远离人类理性的独特世界,数码物的活动有其自身的逻辑,它一方面构成了人类的数字化生存,另一方面又保留着深不可见的非人属性。后人类时代出现了挑战人类传统的伦理价值观念,促使人类重新向存在敞开自身。

The development of modern society has shaken the foundations of traditional humanism and changed the current living conditions of human beings,which also exposes the narrowness and inadequacies of traditional subject philosophy and anthropocentrism.Humans have to face the post-human era,which is more diverse and accidental.Post-humanism reveals new ethical perspectives from three aspects:firstly,life is no longer an object that humans can plan,it has a deep openness,and humans are only one form of life activities;secondly,matter is not completely inert,but actively participates in human perception.And the opening of the meaningful world is not only dominated by humans;finally,digital objects themselves form a unique world away from human reason,and the activities of digital objects have their own logic.On the one hand,they form human digital existence,and on the other hand,they retain deep inscrutable non-human attributes.Post-humanism challenges the traditional ethical values of human beings urging humans to reopen themselves to Being.