胡麻田间栽培配套多功能锄地装置杂草防除效果

Weed Control Effect of Cultivation Supporting Multi-Functional Hoeing Device in Flax Fields

草害是影响胡麻产量和品质的重要因素之一,机械除草是控制胡麻田间杂草的有效方法之一,以集中耕作、除草、施肥于一体的新型锄地装置在胡麻苗期对田间杂草进行防除,对除草和未除草田块杂草种类、杂草危害程度、防除效果以及对胡麻产量的影响进行抽样调查。结果表明,未用多功能锄地装置除草胡麻田间杂草种类有21种,隶属于10科18属,使用多功能锄地装置除草胡麻田间杂草种类19种,隶属于11科16属,田间危害程度较高的优势杂草主要为反枝苋、野糜子、稗、藜。使用多功能锄地装置除草总株防效为73.96%,优势杂草平均鲜重防效为78.73%,产量提高129.27%。综合分析,新型锄地装置对胡麻田间杂草具有一定的防控效果,可为机械除草在田间杂草防控应用发展提供一定的参考。

Weed infestation is one of the important factors affecting yield and quality of flax.And mechanical weeding is one of the effective methods to control weeds in flax fields.In this study,a new type hoeing device centralizing tillage,weeding and fertilization was used to control weeds in the field during the seedling stage of flax.Weed species,infestation level,control effect and influence on the yield of flax were all investigated in weeded and non-weeded fields.The results showed that there were 21 species of weeds in the non-weeded field,belonging to 10 families and 17 genera,and 19 species of weeds in the weeded field,belonging to 11 families and 17 genera.The dominant weeds with higher infestation level were Amaranthus retroflexus L.,Panicum miliaceum L.,Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv.and Chenopodium album L..In weeded fields,control effect based on total plant was 73.96%,control effect based on fresh weight of dominant weeds was 67.19%,and flax yield of dominant weeds was increased by 129.27%.Based on comprehensive analysis,the new type hoeing device has a certain effect on the control of weeds,and provides a reference for the application of mechanical weeding in the field.