中国城市工业用地空间失衡对绿色经济的影响

The Influence of Spatial Imbalance of Urban Industrial Land on Green Economy in China

构建工业用地空间失衡评价指标体系,选取中国278个地级及以上城市2005—2019年的面板数据,考察中国城市工业用地空间失衡现状及其对城市绿色经济的影响。研究发现:研究期内,中国工业用地空间失衡度上涨了18.86%,中部、西部地区的工业用地空间失衡程度加剧,东部地区失衡状况有所改善,2019年工业用地空间失衡度呈现由西部到东部、中部递减的分布状态。生态约束和土地开发广度分别是影响工业用地供给能力和开发强度最主要的因素。掠夺式开发导致的开发过度型失衡对绿色经济产生线性抑制效应;开发不足型失衡对绿色经济增长产生先促进后抑制的“倒U型”作用,即适度的开发不足将带来长期效益和绿色效率改善;过度的开发不足将导致空间资源严重浪费,阻碍绿色经济增长。因此,协调工业用地供给能力与开发强度、推动工业用地开发走向空间均衡,是促进城市绿色经济增长的有效措施。

Based on the panel data of 278 cities at or above the prefecture level in China from 2005 to 2019,this paper constructs an evaluation index system of spatial imbalance of industrial land,and investigates the status quo of industrial land spatial imbalance in China and its impact on urban green economy.The findings are as follows:During the study period,the spatial imbalance of industrial land in China increased by 18.86%,and the spatial imbalance of industrial land in central and western regions increased,while the imbalance of industrial land in eastern regions improved.In 2019,the spatial imbalance of industrial land showed a decreasing distribution from the west to the east and the middle.Ecological constraints and the breadth of land development are the main factors affecting the supply capacity and development intensity of industrial land respectively.The over-development imbalance caused by predatory development has a linear inhibitory effect on green economy.Underdevelopment imbalance has an "inverted U-shaped" effect on green economic growth,that is,moderate underdevelopment will bring long-term benefits and green efficiency improvement,excessive underdevelopment will lead to serious waste of space resources and hinder the growth of green economy.Therefore,coordinating the supply capacity and development intensity of industrial land and promoting the development of industrial land towards spatial equilibrium are effective measures to promote the growth of urban green economy.