可降解地膜对大棚内土壤温湿度和草莓产量及品质的影响初探

Effects of Degradable Mulching Films on Soil Temperature and Moisture,Strawberry Yield and Quality in Greenhouse

冬季大棚草莓种植常用地膜覆盖,塑料残膜危害严重,试验以塑料地膜为对照,研究两种PBAT地膜(PBAT地膜1、PBAT地膜2)和一种环保型麻地膜对大棚内土壤温湿度和草莓产量及品质的影响,验证可降解地膜在草莓种植中应用的可行性。结果表明:PBAT地膜1草莓苗穴处温湿度较高,麻地膜膜下湿度最低;可降解地膜早期开花率和结果率高于塑料地膜;PBAT地膜1和麻地膜栽培的草莓早期产量显著高于塑料地膜,分别高出33.37%和22.98%,草莓总产量各处理间无显著差异;结果盛期各处理的草莓甜度和硬度无显著差异,塑料地膜、PBAT地膜1和麻地膜草莓单果重更高。试验初步表明,PBAT地膜和麻地膜可以用于冬季大棚草莓种植,其中PBAT地膜1和麻地膜效果最优。

Winter greenhouse cultivation of strawberries often involves the use of plastic mulching film,which poses serious environmental hazards due to plastic residue.This experiment used plastic mulching film as a control to study the effects of two PBAT mulching films(PBAT mulching film 1 and PBAT mulching film 2)and an environmentally friendly bast fiber mulching film on soil temperature and moisture,strawberry yield and quality in greenhouse,and to demonstrate the feasibility of degradable mulching film application in strawberry production.The results indicate that the temperature and moisture in the strawberries seedling holes of PBAT mulching film 1 were higher when compared to other mulch,while the bast fiber mulching film exhibiting the lowest moisture levels under the film.The early flowering and fruiting rates of degradable mulching film were higher than those of plastic mulching film.The early yield of strawberries cultivated with PBAT mulching film 1 and bast fiber mulching film was significantly higher,by 33.37%and 22.98%respectively,than that with plastic mulching film.There were no significant differences in total yield of strawberries among the different treatments.During the fruiting peak period,the most single fruit weight of strawberries was obtained and no significant differences in fruit sweetness and fruit hardness were observed among the treatments.This preliminary experiment suggests that PBAT mulching film and bast fiber mulching film can be utilized for winter greenhouse strawberry cultivation,with PBAT mulching film 1 and bast fiber mulching film achieving the most favorable effects.