海南省海洋渔业生态-经济系统脆弱性及其影响因素分析

Study on the vulnerability and its impact factors of marine fishery eco-economic system in Hainan Province

根据1998—2019年海南省海洋渔业统计数据,基于暴露性、敏感性、适应性三个维度,运用熵权法构建海南省海洋渔业生态-经济系统脆弱性评价指标体系,探讨海南省海洋渔业生态-经济系统脆弱性时间变化趋势及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)研究期内海南省海洋渔业生态-经济系统脆弱性经历了先升后降的变化历程,2008年以后系统脆弱性波动下降,处于中度脆弱阶段,但2016年以后系统脆弱性有上升趋势;(2)人类渔业活动对海洋渔业生态系统造成的压力持续增加导致研究期内系统暴露性持续上升,经济社会对海洋渔业依赖性减弱有效改善了系统敏感性,抗干扰能力和恢复能力的增强使系统适应性持续提升;(3)海洋渔业捕捞和养殖活动、经济和社会对海洋渔业依赖程度与科技支撑能力是影响系统脆弱性的重要指标,其中,海洋渔业经济社会依赖程度和科技水平的提升是海南省海洋渔业生态-经济系统脆弱性的关键影响因子.

Based on the statistical data of marine fisheries in Hainan Province from 1998 to 2019,the vulnerability assessment index system of marine fishery eco-economic system in Hainan Province was constructed by using entropy weight method based on three dimensions of exposure,sensitivity and adaptability.The time change trend and influencing factors of vulnerability of marine fishery eco-economic system in Hainan Province were discussed.The results show that:(1)During the study period,the vulnerability of marine fishery eco-economic system in Hainan Province experienced a process of first increasing and then decreasing.After 2008,the vulnerability fluctuation of the system decreased,and it was in the moderate vulnerable stage,but the system vulnerability showed an upward trend after 2016.(2)The increasing pressure on the marine fishery ecosystem caused by human fishery activities led to a continuous increase in the exposure of the system during the study period.The weakening of economic and social dependence on marine fishery effectively improved the sensitivity of the system,and the enhancement of anti-interference ability and resilience improved the adaptability of the system.(3)Marine fishing and aquaculture activities,economic and social dependence on marine fisheries,scientific and technological support capacity are essential indicators affecting the vulnerability of the system.Among them,economic and social dependence on marine fisheries and the improvement of scientific and technological level are the key influencing factors of the vulnerability of the marine fishery eco-economic system in Hainan Province.