带壳装药毁伤元威力参数计算方法

Calculation method for power parameters of damage element of shell charge

带壳装药爆炸后将产生冲击波、破片等毁伤元,提高毁伤元威力参数计算精度对于武器破坏效应和工程防护研究都具有重要意义。为提高破片与冲击波威力参数的计算精度,通过分析带壳装药爆炸能量的分布规律,基于修正的能量守恒方程提出了一种更精确的破片初速计算公式;采用等效药量转换方法来计算带壳装药爆炸产生冲击波的等效药量,通过分析带壳装药初始冲击波的形成过程,建立了冲击波威力参数的理论计算模型,通过试验数据验证了计算模型的科学性和可靠性;通过已建立的理论模型推导得出两种毁伤元重叠时与爆源距离的计算公式,并量化分析了影响因素。研究表明,该计算方法的精度优于传统的毁伤元威力参数计算方法,破片初速、冲击波超压峰值、波阵面到达时间与试验的误差分别为3.0%、4.9%、1.1%;破片弹幕与冲击波波阵面重叠时的运动距离与炸药能量(炸药爆热)成正比,与壳体厚度(装药质量比)成反比。

After shell charges exploding,damage elements of shock waves,fragments,etc.can be generated.Improving the accuracy of calculating power parameters of damage elements is of great significance for studying weapon damage effects and engineering protection.Here,to improve the accuracy of calculating power parameters of fragments and shock waves,a more accurate formula for calculating initial velocity of fragments was proposed based on the modified energy conservation equation by analyzing distribution law of blast energy of shell charges.The equivalent charge conversion method was used to calculate the equivalent charge for shell charge to blast and generate shock waves.By analyzing the forming process of initial shock wave of shell charge,the theoretical calculation model for shock wave power parameters was established.The scientificity and reliability of the calculation model were verified with test data.The calculation formula for the distance between two overlapping damage elements and blast source was derived with the established theoretical model,and affecting factors were quantitatively analyzed.The study showed that the accuracy of the calculation method proposed here is superior to traditional methods for calculating power parameters of damage elements;errors between calculated values of initial velocity of fragment,overpressure peak value of shock wave and arrival time of wave front and those measured in test are 3.0%,4.9%and 1.1%,respectively;fragment barrage moving distance when it overlapping with shock wave front is directly proportional to explosive energy or explosive heat and inversely proportional to shell thickness or charge mass ratio.