“三权分置”框架下数据权益保护路径探索

Exploring the Path of Data Rights Protection Under the Framework of"Separation of Three Rights"

数据是互联网社会存在的基石。数据与信息不同,数据是信息的载体之一。数据因分享而生,数据具有大体量、价值性、积累性、时效性、有限排他性的特性。对比物权保护路径、知识产权保护路径、数据产权保护路径、行为规制路径,结合数据本身特性及现行法律法规,采用新型财产权保护模式更有利于数据流转、利用。数据新型财产权新在权利、新在理念、新在场景。根据“数据二十条”中的“三权分置”理论,可将数据形态分为数据资源、数据资产和数据产品,以明晰数据在不同形态下的不同权能,从而更好地明确数据新型财产权的权利客体与权利内容。

Data is the cornerstone of the internet society.Data is one of the carriers of information.Data is generated from sharing,and it has the characteristics of large volume,value,accumulation,timeliness and limited exclusivity.Compared with the path of property protection,intellectual property protection,data property protection,behavior regulation,and combined with the characteristics of the data itself and the existing laws and regulations,the adoption of a new property right protection mode is more conducive to the flow and utilization of data.The new data property right is new in the right,new in the concept and new in the scene.According to the theory of"separation of three rights"in the"Twenty Data Measures",the data forms can be divided into data resources,data assets and data products,so as to clarify the different rights of data in different forms,and thus better define the object and content of the new data property rights.