老年患者静脉血栓栓塞症的预防

Prevention of venous thromboembolism in elderly patients

静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism, VTE)是常见病,发病率和病死率高。在老年患者VTE发病率更高、病死率更高,年龄增加导致血栓标志物D-二聚体数值也增加,应用D-二聚体数值筛查VTE需要调整诊断阈值,年龄增加也是抗凝预防后出血的高危因素;另外,老年患者抗凝预防后仍有VTE发生;老年患者抗凝预防VTE是否需要监测,年龄与VTE复发关系尚无定论,深入研究老年预防VTE,并探索创新的VTE预防策略,是未来研究工作的方向。

Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a common disease with high morbidity and mortality.The incidence and mortality of VTE are higher in elderly patients and increased level of D⁃dimer,a thrombosis marker is positively related with age.Therefore,the diagnostic threshold needs to be adjusted to screen VTE with D⁃dimer level.Elderly patients may still have VTE after implementation of anticoagulant prevention,and increasing age is a high risk factor for bleeding after anticoagulant prevention.Whether elderly patients need to be monitored for anticoagulant prevention of VTE,and the relationship between age and VTE recurrence remains to be determined.In⁃depth re⁃search on the prevention of VTE in elderly patients and exploration of innovative VTE prevention strategies may ori⁃ent future research.