废旧地膜分选技术研究进展

Research Progress of Waste Mulching Film Sorting Technology

地膜覆盖技术对提高农作物产量和抗旱能力具有显著效果,但废旧地膜的处理问题日益凸显,有效分离废旧地膜与杂质对于环境保护和资源再利用至关重要。文章梳理了当前国内外废旧地膜分选技术的进展,该技术主要包括:风力分选、负压分选、滚筒筛分选、水洗分选和多级分选等,其中风力分选和负压分选技术,因其高效环保而备受关注。同时,还探讨了利用数值模拟技术优化膜秆分离装置参数,梳理了我国在农用薄膜领域的相关政策与标准,并就如何完善回收体系和推广加厚高强度地膜等问题提出了建议。

Mulching film technology has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in enhancing crop yield and drought resistance.However,the issue of disposing of waste mulching film has become increasingly prominent,making effective separation of waste mulching film from impurities crucial for environmental protection and resource reuse.This article summarizes the current progress of waste mulching film sorting technology both domestically and internationally.The technology mainly includes methods such as wind sorting,negative pressure sorting,trommel sorting,water washing sorting,and multi-stage sorting.Among them,wind sorting and negative pressure sorting techniques have garnered significant attention due to their efficiency and environmental friendliness.Additionally,the article explores the use of numerical simulation techniques to optimize the parameters of the film-stalk separation device.It also reviews relevant policies and standards in the field of agricultural films set by the government,and puts forward suggestions for improving the recycling system and promoting the use of thickened high-strength mulching films.