自动气象站数据质量控制系统的设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Data Quality Control System for Automatic Weather Station

自动气象站具有台站分布密集,数据采集、传输完全自动化、资料实时强等特点,其观测资料在预警预报、气候分析、防灾减灾等方面都有重要作用。但是受各种主客观条件的限制,自动站数据存在较多失真现象,没有经过质控的自动站数据,使用范围和价值都受到限制。对自动站数据进行质量控制,确保资料的代表性和准确性,是当前气象业务工作迫切需要解决的技术难题。衡阳自动站数据质量控制系统(以下简称HY-AWSQC)的设计与实现,是为解决自动站数据失真问题,所做的有益尝试和探索。系统运用气候界限值检查、时间连续性检查、内部一致性检查和空间一致性检查,4种国内外有代表性的数据质控技术,实现对衡阳自动站数据的质量控制。

Automatic weather station(AWS)has the characteristics of dense distribution of stations,complete automation of data acquisition and transmission,strong real-time data and so on.Its observation data play an important role in early warning and forecasting,climate analysis,disaster prevention and reduction and so on.However,due to the limitations of a variety of subjective and objective conditions,there are many distortions in the automatic station data,and the application scope and value of the automatic station data without quality control are limited.The quality control of automatic station data to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the data is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the current meteorological work.The design and implementation of Hengyang Automatic Weather Station data quality control system(hereinafter referred to as HY-AWSQC)is a beneficial attempt and exploration to solve the problem of automatic station data distortion.The system uses climate limit value check,time continuity check,internal consistency check and spatial consistency check,and four representative data quality control technologies at home and abroad to realize the data quality control of Hengyang automatic station.