蛇葡萄属药用植物亲缘学研究

Pharmacophylogenetic Relationship of Ampelopsis

蛇葡萄属(Ampelopsis Michaux)植物为多年生木本藤蔓植物,全世界有30余种,中国有17种,大部分为中国特有,多具有传统药用价值,可作茶饮。基于系统进化关系和形态学相似性,近期蛇葡萄属中具羽状复叶的种从该属中分出,成立牛果藤属(Nekemias Raf),但这需要更多证据,特别是植物化学方面的证据支持。对蛇葡萄属植物亲缘关系、化学成分和药理活性进行归纳总结,并对其药用亲缘学进行探讨。蛇葡萄属中含有丰富的黄酮类化合物,但其主要种类存在差异,具羽状复叶的蛇葡萄种富含二氢杨梅素、杨梅素等类黄酮物质,而其余蛇葡萄属植物则检测到了白藜芦醇、儿茶素等酚酸类物质。这些化合物具有抗肿瘤、保肝、抗菌等活性,可与传统功效相关联。对蛇葡萄属植物的药用亲缘关系进行初步探讨,可为该属植物的资源保护和进一步开发提供参考。

Ampelopsis Michaux is a genus of perennial woody vine encompassing roughly 30 species globally,of which approximately 17 are found in China,with the majority being endemic.Historically,most species of this genus have been revered for their medicinal properties,extensively consumed as therapeutic tea beverages across various ethnic groups.Recent taxonomical assessments,underpinned by phylogenetic relationships and morphological criteria,have led to the delineation of the species possessing pinnate compound leaves from Ampelopsis,subsequently categorizing them into a new genus termed Nekemias.Yet,corroborative evidence,particularly from phytochemical analyses,remains paramount.This study delves into the genetic affinities,chemical profiles,and pharmacological properties of Ampelopsis.Notably,while the plants of this genus are prolific in flavonoids,different species showcase distinct chemical constituents.For instance,those with pinnate compound leaves predominantly contain flavonoids such as dihydromyricetin and myricetin,whereas other species have phenolic acids like resveratrol and catechin.These chemical compounds demonstrate anti-tumor,hepatoprotective,and antimicrobial activities,resonating with traditional medicinal uses.Probing into the pharmacophylogenetic relationship of Ampelopsis helps to pave the way for conservation and therapeutic potential enhancement of plants belonging to this genus.