现代大学书院“熵增”困境下“熵减”路径探赜——以新儒家学者复兴书院经验为镜鉴

On the Path of“Entropy Reduction”Under the Dilemma of“Entropy Increase”in Modern College--Taking the Experience of NeoConfucian Scholars in Reviving the Academy as a Mirror

现代大学书院是我国高等教育特色化发展的新型教育模式。这一新型模式在初步探索阶段虽已取得一定成果,但仍然存在形式化发展、内核精神迷失、发展定位模糊等现实问题,疑似陷入“熵增”发展困境。以熊十力、马一浮、张君劢、钱穆为代表的新儒家学者从我国近代文化危机出发,以复兴书院为教育手段,高扬人文主义教育思想,通过哲学思考勠力于现代大学书院建设。研究通过考察其复兴书院的宝贵经验,从本体论维度塑就内核精神,从文化论维度建设文化氛围,从制度论维度推动顶层制度设计,从知识论维度完善教育内容,从方法论维度构建学问之道,为现代大学书院“熵减”发展理路提供镜鉴之思,力促实现传统文化传扬、书院育人、高等教育特色化发展等目标。

Modern College is a new type of education mode for the characteristic development of higher education in China.Although certain achievements have been made in the initial exploration stage of this new model,there are still some practical problems such as formalized development,loss of core spirit,and fuzzy development orientation,and it is suspected that it is trapped in the development dilemma of“entropy increase”.The Neo Confucianists represented by Xiong Shili,Ma Yifu,Zhang Junmai and Qian Mu started from the cultural crisis in modern China,promoted the humanistic education thought by means of reviving the Academy,and contributed to the construction of modern university academies through philosophical thinking.By investigating the valuable experience in reviving the Academy,this research molded the core spirit from the ontological dimension,built the cultural atmosphere from the cultural dimension,promoted the toplevel system design from the institutional dimension,improved the educational content from the epistemological dimension,and constructed the way of learning from the methodological dimension,providing a mirror for the development of“entropy reduction”of modern university academies,and vigorously promoting the spread of traditional culture of modern university academies and the characteristic development of higher education.