肿瘤浸润T淋巴细胞代谢重编程与免疫耐药的研究进展

Research progress on metabolic reprogramming and immune resistance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes

免疫治疗疗法在肿瘤治疗中取得突破性进展,但是免疫治疗耐药的出现使大多数患者获益有限,如何逆转免疫治疗耐药是亟待解决的问题。肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)中存在大量T淋巴细胞,在增殖、活化和发挥效应的生物过程中,肿瘤浸润T淋巴细胞(tumor infiltrating lymphocytes,TILs)面临严峻的局部代谢压力而发生代谢重编程,以满足急剧增加的能量需求和生物合成需求。这种适应性改变自身代谢模式的过程与TILs的表型和功能密切相关,影响免疫治疗疗效并介导免疫治疗耐药。近年来,随着对TILs代谢的研究,寻找特异性的代谢调控点,靶向TILs代谢通路有望恢复其肿瘤杀伤功能,逆转免疫治疗耐药。本综述探讨TILs代谢重编程与免疫耐药的关系,为逆转免疫耐药提供新的策略。

Although immunotherapy has made a breakthrough in the treatment of cancer,the emergence of drug resistance has limited benefits in most patients,and reversing immunotherapy resistance remains a hotly debated and unresolved issue.The tumor microenvironment(TME)comprises a large number of T lymphocytes.During the biological processes of proliferation,activation,and the effect of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes(TILs),TILs face severe local metabolic stress,resulting in metabolic reprogramming to meet the markedly increased energy demand and biosynthesis requirements.This process of adaptive changes in the metabolic pattern is closely related to the phenotype and function of TILs,affecting immunotherapy efficacy and mediating immunotherapy resistance.In recent years,with the study of TIL metabolism and the search for specific metabolic regulatory points,targeting the TIL metabolic pathway could restore the tumor-killing function and reverse immunotherapy resistance.This review explores the relationship between the metabolic reprogramming of TILs and immune resistance,and provides a new strategy for reversing immune resistance.