解磷菌与解磷固氮双效菌对贵州富硒土及茶苗硒锌含量的影响

Effects of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteriaand Phosphate-solubilizing and Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria on Selenium and Zinc Contents in Selenium-rich Soil and Camellia sinensis Seedlings in Guizhou

为探究解磷菌及解磷固氮菌对富硒土壤及茶苗(Camelliasinensis)有效硒(Se)、有效锌(Zn)含量的影响,以2株茶树内生解磷菌(Paraburkholderia fungorum PSt07、Kluyvera intermediaPSt12)及2株茶树内生解磷固氮菌(Paraburkholderia fungorum PMS05、Kluyvera intermedia PCF06)为研究对象,以龙井43和黄金芽的2年生茶苗及贵州省开阳县的富硒红土为供试材料,进行土壤孵育及茶苗盆栽试验,检测接种各菌液60 d后,茶苗Se、Zn含量及土壤有效态的氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、Zn、Se等养分。结果表明,供试菌株可提高两种茶苗根际土有效P含量,并提高龙井43茶树根际土有效N含量。两株解磷菌可提高龙井43根际土有效Se和有效Zn,以及根组织中Se含量,分别为191.83%~573.08%,37.48%~65.88%和24.27%~39.73%,并显著提高两种茶苗叶片的Zn积累量(41.23%~247.65%,P<0.05);两株解磷菌处理下盆栽植株根际土有效Zn含量高于以菌液孵育的土壤,表明茶株与解磷菌共同作用能显著提高土壤Zn有效性。解磷固氮双效菌较解磷菌更有利于提高黄金芽根组织Se含量及根际土的有效Se含量,其中PMS05可使黄金芽茶树根际土有效Se含量较未接菌显著增加602.00%(P<0.05)。Se、Zn在茶叶中的积累因菌株及茶树品种的不同组合而存在较大的差异,在实际应用中,应在菌种选育完成后以肥效验证试验为不同的茶树品种选择最优的解磷菌株。

In order to investigate the effects of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing&nitrogen-fixing bacteria on the content of available selenium(Se)and zinc(Zn)in selenium-rich soil and Camellia sinensis,two strains of endogenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria(Paraburkholderia fungorum PSt07,Kluyvera intermedia PSt12)and two endogenous phosphate-solubilizing&nitrogen-fixation bacteria(Paraburkholderia fungorum PMS05,Kluyvera intermedia PCF06)were used as the research object,and 2 year old tea seedlings of‘Longjing43’and‘Huangjinya’and Se-rich red soil of Kaiyang County,Guizhou Province were used as the test materials.Soil incubation and pot experiment of tea seedlings were carried out.After 60 days of inoculation with each bacterial solution,Se and Zn contents in tea seedlings and available nutrients of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),Zn,Se in soil were tested.The results show that the tested strains could increase the content of available P in rhizosphere soil of two tea seedlings,and the content of available N in rhizosphere soil of‘Longjing43’.Under the treatment of phosphate solubilizing bacteria,the content of available Se and Zn in rhizosphere soil and Se in root tissue of‘Longjing43’tea seedlings were increased by 191.83%-573.08%,37.48%-65.88%and 24.27%-39.73%respectively.The accumulation of Zn in the leaves of the two tea seedlings was increased by 41.23%-247.65%(P<0.05).The contents of available Zn in the rhizosphere soil of potted plants under the treatment of two strains of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were higher than those in the soil incubated with bacteria solution alone without tea plants,indicating that the combined effect of tea plants and phosphate solubilizing bacteria could significantly improve the availability of Zn in soil.The phosphate-solubilizing&nitrogen-fixing bacteria were more beneficial than the phosphate solubilizing bacteria to increase the Se content of‘Huangjinya’root tissue and the available Se content of rhizosphere soil,and PMS05 could significantly increase the content of available Se in rhizosphere soil by 602.00%(P<0.05).The accumulation of Se and Zn elements in tea varied greatly from different combinations of strains and tea cultivars.In practical application,the optimal phosphorus solubilizing strain should be selected for different tea cultivars after completing the strain selection and fertilizer efficiency verification experiment.