现代汉语“形-量”结构的句法语义属性探究

Syntactic and semantic features of the Adj-Cl construction in Mandarin Chinese

已有研究在“数-形-量-名”结构中量前形容词的语义、形式受到限制的原因和语义指向等问题上尚存争议。本文基于分布式形态学,分析了量前形容词的句法语义特征和“形-量”结构的生成机制,确定了量前形容词的语义准入条件序列、句法投射层级以及在“数-形-量-名”结构中的基础生成位置,认为量前形容词嫁接于量词投射内,修饰量词,从新的视角探讨了量前形容词在语义和形式上受到限制的原因,并从结构和语义两方面回应了量前形容词是否存在“指量”和“指物”的语义指向差异问题。

The semantic and syntactic constraints on pre-classifier adjectives in Mandarin Chinese have been heatedly discussed in previous studies.However,the reason why pre-classifier adjectives are subject to certain constraints and the semantic orientation of pre-classifier adjectives are still in doubt in the literature.Based on the framework of Distributed Morphology,this paper explores the syntactic and semantic properties of pre-classifier adjectives and attempts to derive the Adj-Cl construction in syntax,thus providing the priority sequence of semantic admission conditions,and the syntactic position of pre-classifier adjectives in the Num-Adj-Cl-N pattern.This paper proposes a motivated account of pre-classifier adjectives'semantic and syntactic features and answers the question whether pre-classifier adjectives have different semantic orientations based on the proposed analysis.