2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区戊型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of viral hepatitis E in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022

目的 分析2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区戊肝流行病学特征,为戊肝的预防控制提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,使用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行统计分析,对2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区戊肝流行病学特征进行分析。率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区共报告戊肝185例,年均报告发病率为1.66/10万;无死亡病例。城区街道报告发病率高于农村乡镇(χ^(2)=16.50,P<0.001);发病时间有季节聚集性发病高峰特征(r=0.171,P=0.005);男性报告发病率高于女性(χ^(2)=10.01,P=0.002),男女性别比1.64∶1;50~60岁年龄组发病率较高(3.35/10万);职业以家务及待业为主(27.03%),农民及农民工次之(20.54%)。结论 绵阳市涪城区戊肝发病率较低,发病以城区街道为主,男性发病高于女性,应加强重点地区、重点人群戊肝的防控工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis E(HE) from2005 to 2022 in Fucheng District of Mianyang City,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HE.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of HE in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022 were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological methods and SPSS 18.0 statistical software.The χ^(2)test was used to compare the rates,and the test level was α=0.05.Results From 2005 to 2022,185 cases of HE were reported in Fucheng District of Mianyang City,the annual average reported incidence rate was 1.66/105,with no deaths.The reported incidence rate in urban streets was higher than that in rural towns (χ^(2)=16.50,P<0.001).The onset time had a seasonal clustering peak characteristic(r=0.171,P=0.005).The reported incidence rate of men was higher than that of women (χ^(2)=10.01,P=0.002),and the sex ratio of men and women was 1.64∶1.The incidence was higher in the 50-60 aged group(3.35/105).The reported occupations of the disease were mainly homemaker and unemployment(27.03%),followed by farmers and migrant workers(20.54%).Conclusions The incidence rate of HE in Fucheng District of Mianyang City was low,and the incidence was mainly in urban streets.The incidence of men was higher than that of women.The prevention and control of HE in key areas and key populations should be strengthened.