2013—2022年巴中市丙型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of viral hepatitis C in Bazhong City from 2013 to 2022

目的 分析2013—2022年巴中市丙肝报告病例的流行病学特征,为制定有效防控策略提供依据。方法 收集2013—2022年巴中市报告的所有丙肝病例资料。利用SPSS 23.0软件进行χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2013—2022年巴中市报告丙肝病例1 472例,年平均发病率4.59/10万,无死亡病例。丙肝发病数和发病率最高的均是平昌县,各县(区)年平均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=254.401,P<0.001);2013—2022年巴中市丙肝发病总体呈上升趋势,2019—2022年上升明显;从月分布来看,3月累计报告病例最多,9月最少,集中度M=0.06,季节性较差;男性发病率高于女性,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.667,P=0.001);发病人群以农民最多,占62.64%。结论 2013—2022年巴中市丙肝发病率总体呈上升趋势,与全国丙肝发病趋势相同。医疗机构丙肝核酸检测能力有待提高,应加强对丙肝RNA检测阳性病例根治方案的宣传和推广,降低丙肝的患病率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C cases reported in Bazhong City from 2013 to 2022,and to provide basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies.Methods Data of all hepatitis C cases reported in Bazhong City from 2013 to 2022 were collected.Chi-square test was performed by SPSS 23.0 software,and the test level wasα =0.05.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total of 1 472 cases of hepatitis C were reported in Bazhong City,with an annual average incidence of 4.59/10~5 and no death cases.The largest number of cases and the highest incidence rate of hepatitis C were found in Pingchang County.There were statistically significant differences in the annual average incidence among counties/districts(χ^(2)=254.401,P<0.001).The incidence of hepatitis C in Bazhong City showed an overall upward trend from 2013 to 2022,and the increase was obvious from 2019 to 2022.In terms of monthly distribution,the cumulative number of reported cases was the highest in March and the lowest in September,and the concentration ratio was M=0.06,indicating poor seasonality.The incidence of males was higher than that of females,and the difference between male and female incidence was statistically significant (χ^(2)=10.667,P=0.001).Farmers were the most affected population,accounting for 62.64%.Conclusions From 2013 to 2022,the incidence of hepatitis C in Bazhong City showed an increasing trend,which was the same as the national incidence of hepatitis C.The ability of nucleic acid detection of hepatitis C in medical institutions needs to be improved,and the publicity and promotion of radical treatment programs for hepatitis C RNA(ribonucleic acid)positive cases should be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of hepatitis C.