2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区其他感染性腹泻病流行特征分析

Analysis on the epidemic characteristics of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022

目的 分析2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区其他感染性腹泻病的流行特征,为该区其他感染性腹泻病的预防与控制提供科学依据。方法 从中国疾病监测信息系统传染病网络直报系统中导出2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区其他感染性腹泻病例相关数据,用Excel 2010软件建立数据库,数据采用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计处理。计数资料用构成比或率表示,差异比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准取α=0.05。用圆形分布法计算发病季节高峰r值。结果 2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区共报告其他感染性腹泻病15 009例,年均报告发病率为134.81/10万,不同年度其他感染性腹泻病报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2 265.13,P<0.001)。报告发病率由2005年的145.63/10万上升到2022年的239.59/10万,发病呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=78.65,P<0.001)。城区街道报告发病率高于农村乡镇(χ^(2)=2 622.27,P<0.001)。报告发病时间无季节聚集性发病高峰特征(r=0.038,P=0.487)。男性报告发病率高于女性(χ^(2)=215.92,P<0.001)。不同年龄组报告发病差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21 088.74,P<0.001);报告发病率居前3位的年龄组依次为0~9岁(865.90/10万)、80岁及以上(116.74/10万)和10~19岁(85.82/10万)。职业以散居儿童为主(57.99%),学生次之(10.85%)。明确病原诊断5 258例,占其他感染性腹泻病报告总数的35.03%。其中病毒类感染5 052例(96.08%),细菌类感染175例(3.33%),真菌类感染13例(0.25%),混合感染18例(0.34%)。结论 近年来绵阳市涪城区其他感染性腹泻病发病呈上升趋势,2岁以下儿童和城区街道是其他感染性腹泻病防控的重点人群和地区。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea diseases in the area.Methods Data related to other infectious diarrhea cases in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022 were exported from the Infectious Disease Network Direct Reporting System of the China Disease Surveillance Information System.A database was established by using Excel 2010 software,and the data was statistically processed by using SPSS 18.0 software.Counting data was represented by constituent ratios or rates,and differences were compared by using χ^(2)test,the testing level α=0.05.The peak of r-value of the onset season was calculated by using the circular distribution method.Results A total of 15 009 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022,with an average annual reported incidence rate of134.81/105.The difference between the reported incidence rate of other infectious diarrhea diseases in different years was considered statistically significant (χ^(2)=2 265.13,P<0.001).The reported incidence rate increased from 145.63/105in 2005 to 239.59/105in 2022,with an upward trend(χ^(2)trend=78.65,P<0.001).The reported incidence rate in urban streets was higher than that in rural towns (χ^(2)=2 622.27,P<0.001).There was no seasonal clustering peak characteristic of the reported onset time(r=0.038,P=0.487).The incidence rate of male was higher than that of female (χ^(2)=215.92,P<0.001).There was a statistically significant difference in reported incidence among different age groups (χ^(2)=21 088.74,P<0.001).The top three age groups with the highest reported incidence rate were 0-9 years old(865.90/105),80 years old and over(116.74/105)and 10-19 years old(85.82/105).The majority of occupation was mainly scattered children(57.99%),then followed by students(10.85%).There were 5 258 confirmed cases of pathogenic diagnosis,accounted for 35.03% of the total reported cases of other infectious diarrhea diseases.Among them,there were 5 052 cases of viral infections(96.08%),175 cases of bacterial infections(3.33%),13 cases of fungal infections(0.25%),and 18 cases of mixed infections(0.34%).Conclusions In recent years,the incidence of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Fucheng District of Mianyang City has shown an increasing trend.Children under 2 years old and urban streets are the key populations and areas for the prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea diseases.