2021年雅安市雨城区某学校一起流感暴发疫情调查分析

Investigation and analysis of an outbreak of influenza in a school in Yucheng District of Yaan City in 2021

目的 分析雅安市雨城区某学校一起流感暴发疫情,探寻校园流感疫情暴发原因、风险因素及应对措施。方法 采用现场流行病学调查方法,于2021年11月对雅安市雨城区某学校流感暴发疫情中流感样病例进行个案调查,采用口咽拭子法采集流感样病例咽拭子。运用实时荧光定量PCR方法进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果 该起疫情共报告确诊病例30例,临床诊断病例15例,罹患率2.19%。共采集流感样病例咽拭子45人份,检出30人份乙型流感核酸阳性,阳性率66.67%;15人份核酸阴性;确定为乙型流行性感冒疫情。该起疫情暴发原因可能是首例病例发病早期症状不明显,未及时隔离导致的。在相关部门的积极配合下,本次疫情得到了有效控制。结论 此次疫情为乙型流感病毒感染所致,可能的传播途径为呼吸道传播和密切接触传播。

Objective To analyse an outbreak of influenza in a school in Yucheng District of Yaan,and to explore the causes,risk factors and countermeasures of the outbreak.Methods With the method of field epidemiological investigation,in November 2021,a case investigation was conducted on influenza-like illness outbroke in a school in Yucheng District of Yaan City.Throat swabs of influenza-like cases were collected by oropharynx swabs.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect influenza virus RNA.Results A total of 30 confirmed cases and 15clinically diagnosed cases were reported,with an attack rate of 2.19%.A total of 45 throat swabs of influenza-like cases were collected and 30 of them were positive for influenza B and 15 of them were negative for influenza B.The positive rate was 66.67%.It was confirmed that influenza B was an epidemic influenza.The outbreak may be due to the first case of the early symptoms of the disease was not obvious,not timely isolation led to an outbreak of influenza.With the active cooperation of relevant departments,the epidemic situation had been effectively controlled.Conclusions The epidemic is caused by influenza B virus infection,and the possible transmission routes are respiratory tract transmission and close contact transmission.