职业教育强国建设的支撑体系:结构、机理与优化

The Support System for the Construction of a Powerful Country in Vocational Education:Structure,Mechanism and Optimization

作为一项系统性、整体性工程,职业教育强国建设需要强有力、全方位的支撑体系。基于系统结构的层次性特征,这一体系主要包括基础层、运行层和保障层等。其是由理论性、物质性、文化性、社会性、政策性、组织性和师资性等支撑要素构成的有机整体。根据主体职责分工的不同,这一体系可以划分为党和政府的主导建构、各级各类职业院校的主体建构、代表社会力量的行业企业参与建构三种主要运行模式。基于此,要大力推进职业教育强国建设,必须对其支撑体系的要素输入、处理和输出环节进行整合优化。既要充分挖掘符合职教类型发展定位的多重支撑要素,也要着力形成协同发展机制、实践转化机制、信息反馈机制和效能评价机制等,使各类支撑要素整合在呈现帕累托最优效应的基础上推进职业教育强国建设不断取得新进展新成效。

As a systematic and holistic project,the construction of a powerful vocational education country requires a strong and allround support system.Based on the hierarchical characteristics of the system structure,this system mainly consists of the foundation layer,the operation layer and the guarantee layer.In other words,it is an organic whole composed of theoretical,material,cultural,social,policy,organizational and teacher support elements.According to the different responsibilities of the main body,this system can be divided into three main operation modes:the leading construction by the Party and the government,the main construction by all kinds of vocational colleges and universities at all levels,and the participation of industry and enterprises on behalf of the social forces.Based on this,in order to vigorously promote the construction of a powerful vocational education country,it is necessary to integrate and optimize the input,processing and output links of the elements of its support system.It is necessary to fully explore the multiple support elements that are in line with the development orientation of vocational education types,and also to make efforts to form a mechanism for synergistic development,a mechanism for practical transformation,a mechanism for information feedback,and a mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness of the system,so as to make the combination of various types of support elements show Pareto-optimal effects,and to promote the construction of a powerful country of vocational education to make continuous new progress and new achievements.