新文科建设背景下比较文学的边界、跨界与界域融合

Boundaries,Interdisciplinary and Intradisciplinary Integration of Comparative Literature in the Context of New Liberal Arts

当今学界对新文科的讨论方兴未艾,目前学界的讨论大多集中在对新文科提出的背景、要义及具体展开路径等方面,总体说来略显宽泛,与具体学科的深度融合明显乏力。在新文科建设背景下,当代比较文学研究出现了跨界融合的新特点,在学科内部呈现出与翻译学、伦理学、地理学、生态学、法律学、植物学等学科的交叉融合,这无疑拓展了比较文学的研究边界并丰富了当代比较文学的研究领域,也形成了新的学术创新生长点。从新文科视域重新审视比较文学学科,发现其与其他学科领域的交叉和融合已经成为当代比较文学的重要特色。一些新的命题、研究领域的出现,拓展了比较文学学科原有的学科边界并形成学科内部及外部的深度融合。同时,一些新兴的研究范式开始呈现,如借助地理信息系统和全球定位系统等促使文学与地理之间的跨学科融合,利用大型数据库对传统文论的重要概念和流传路径进行深入研究,在中外卷帙浩繁的文献中厘清术语的渊源及跨国流传与变异研究等。在新文科建设背景下,比较文学的传统边界发生了变化,在研究方法、内容与范畴上形成了新的跨界研究及界域融合的特点。

The academic discussions on the new liberal arts are on the rise.Most of such discussions are now focusing on the context,significance,specific development paths and other aspects of the new liberal arts.However,such discussions are rather generalized and do not show in-dept integration with specific disciplines.In the context of developing new liberal arts,the research on contemporary comparative literature has shown new characteristics of interdisciplinary integration as well as intradisciplinary integration with other disciplines such as translation,ethics,geography,ecology,law,and botany.This has expanded the research boundaries of comparative literature and enriched the research fields of contemporary comparative literature,showing a new growth point for academic innovation.Re-examining the comparative literature discipline from the perspective of new liberal arts,it is found that interdisciplinary integration has become an important feature of contemporary comparative literature.The emergence of new propositions and research fields has undoubtedly expanded the original boundaries of comparative literature and formed the in-depth interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary integration.At the same time,some new research paradigms begin to appear.For example,the application of geographical information system(GIS)and global positioning system(GPS)helps promote the interdisciplinary integration between literature and geography;the large database is used in the in-depth research on the important concepts and circulation paths of traditional literary theories;the origin of terminologies as well as their circulation and variations overseas have been clarified in a vast volume of Chinese and foreign literature,among others.In the context of developing new liberal arts,the traditional boundaries of comparative literature have changed and displayed new characteristics of interdisciplinary research and intradisciplinary integration in terms of the research methods,contents,and scopes.