喷嘴偏置角度对涡流管能量分离效应的影响分析

Analysis of influence of nozzle bias angle on energy separation effect of vortex tube

以理想空气为工质,对不同喷嘴偏置角度的涡流管进行了能量分离特性的数值模拟研究。此外,对涡流管内部速度场、温度场和压力场的分布规律进行了深入分析。模拟结果表明,不同偏置角度的喷嘴改变了涡流管切向速度和径向速度的分配,随着偏置角度的增大,轴向速度呈现增加趋势,轴向速度的变化会影响滞止点的位置,更大的轴向速度会使滞止点更加远离热端出口。涡流管中滞止点位置影响着冷流与热流的分界面大小,从而影响两股流体之间能量交换。随着冷流率的增大,4种不同涡流管的制冷效应逐渐减弱,且喷嘴偏置角度为0°时,涡流管表现出最佳制冷和制热效应。偏置角度在15°-45°变化时,随着喷嘴偏置角度增大,涡流管制冷和制热效应逐渐减弱。

A numerical simulation of energy separation of vortex tubes with different nozzle bias angles is studied by taking ideal air as the working fluid.In addition,the distribution pattern of velocity,temperature,and pressure inside the vortex tube is analyzed.The simulation results show that the nozzles with different bias angles change the distribution of tangential and radial ve-locities in the vortex tube.With the increase of the bias angle,the axial velocity shows an in-creasing trend.The change in axial velocity affects the location of the hysteresis point,and a lar-ger axial velocity moves the hysteresis point further away from the hot end outlet.The location of the hysteresis point in the vortex tube affects the size of the interface between the cold flow and the hot flow,thus affecting the energy exchange between the two fluids.As the cold flow rate increa-ses,the cooling effect of the four vortex tubes is gradually weakened,and when the nozzle bias angle is 0°,the vortex tubes show the best cooling and heating effect.When the bias angle varies from 15 to 45°,the vortex control cooling and heating effect is gradually weakened as the nozzle bias angle increases.