山岭、族群与信仰——武当山真武信仰与中华民族共同体建构

Mountains,Ethnic Groups,and Beliefs:The Worship of Zhenwu at Wudang Mountain and the Construction of the Chinese National Community

中华各民族共同开拓辽阔疆域、共同书写悠久历史、共同创造灿烂文化、共同培育伟大精神的复杂过程,造就了在地理、族群、信仰等方面交叠重合的超大型中华文明体。本文以武当山在中国所处的地理位置、道教真武信仰在宋元明时代的变迁为分析对象,从山岭、族群、信仰三个角度,分析武当山真武信仰在沟通南北族群、融汇大小传统之中的重要性。通过武当真武信仰这一个案,本文试图揭示大地中国、人民中国与文化中国之间的深层次互动。一方面,中国宗教深层次地嵌入中华各族群在中国大地上的交往交流交融,信仰在构建和巩固中华民族共同体中发挥着独特而显著的作用;另一方面,“多元一体”中华民族共同体的形成又决定着中国宗教的内在变迁逻辑。

The diverse process of Chinese ethnic groups jointly exploring vast territories,co-writing a long history,creating brlliant cultures,and nurturing great spirits has shaped a vast Chinese civilization characterized by overlapping intersections in geography,ethnicity,and beliefs.This article analyzes the geographic location of Wudang Mountain in China and the evolution of Taoist Zhenwu worship during the Song,Yuan,and Ming dynasties.From the perspectives of mountains,ethnic groups,and beliefs,it examines the significance of Zhenwu worship at Wudang Mountain in bridging northern and southern ethnic groups and integrating various traditions.Through this case study of Zhenwu worship at Wudang Mountain,the article aims to uncover the profound interactions between China as a land,the Chinese people,and Chinese culture.On one hand,Chinese religion is deeply embedded in the interactions and integration of various ethnic groups across the Chinese land,playing a unique and significant role in constructing and solidifying the Community of the Chinese nation.On the other hand,the formation of the"unity in diversity"of the Community of Chinese nation determines the internal transformation logic of Chinese religion.