纳米粉末材料结构分析教学实验设计

Experimental Design for Teaching Structure Analysis of Nano-materials

不同半径的原子可以堆积形成具有不同晶体结构类型的材料,材料在宏观上能表现出的物理性质与其原子堆积方式、原子间距以及所形成的颗粒尺寸大小都有着很强的关联性。基于此,为培养本科生分析材料结构的能力,特地开展了纳米粉末材料的微观结构分析教学实验设计。以溶胶-凝胶法制备LaNiO_(3)纳米粉末材料为例,对其晶体结构类型、微观形貌特征进行表征与分析学习,发现它属于六角菱形空间结构,而不是化学式为ABO_(3)型立方结构。

Atoms with different radii can be stacked to form materials with different crystal structure types,and the macroscopic physical properties of materials were closely related to their atomic stacking mode,atomic spacing and particle size.For this reason,in order to cultivate undergraduates'ability to analyzed the material structure,the teaching experiment design of microstructure analysis of nano-powder materials was specially carried out.Taking LaNiO_(3) nanopowder material prepared by sol-gel method as an example,its crystal structure type and micro-morphology characteristics could be characterized and analyzed,then awared that it belonged to hexagonal rhombic space structure,rather than cubic structure of ABO_(3) type.