新疆托库孜萨来古城遥感考古研究

Remote Sensing Archaeology Study on the Toqqouz Sarai City Site in Xinjiang

新疆托库孜萨来古城是塔里木盆地西北缘的重要古代城址。2018年6月,中国国家博物馆与喀什地区文物局联合对托库孜萨来古城进行实地踏查和无人机低空航测。在此基础上,本文结合以往的研究资料,利用遥感影像分析手段对托库孜萨来古城的规模和形制进行了初步复原,绘制了平面复原图。古城分为南城和北城两个部分:南城是古城的主体,由内城、外城和大外城构成,具有明显的军事防御功能;北城临河而建,是一片面积较大的居住区,充分利用了当地的水源条件,周围还存在大规模农业种植区。结合唐朝对西域的经营方略来看,古城现存的形制布局应当形成于唐代。本文旨在整合不同尺度的考古时空信息,对托库孜萨来古城进行数字化重构,对于充分发挥遥感考古的独特视角,拓展遥感技术方法在西域古代城市研究中的应用具有重要意义。

Toqqouz Sarai City in Xinjiang is an important ancient city site in the Northwest Tarim Basin.In June 2018,the National Museum of China and Kashi Cultural Heritage Administration jointly carried out a field survey and UAV photogrammetric mapping at Toqqouz Sarai City Site.Based on the findings of this work and combined with the previous research data,this study applies the techniques of remote sensing image analysis to preliminarily restore the structure and layout of Toqqouz Sarai City,and to draw a plan for it.It shows that Toqqouz Sarai City consists of two parts,namely the south city and the north city.The south city is the main body of the ancient city with an obvious defensive function,composed of the inner city,the outer city and the outermost city.The north city is a large residential area built near the river and surrounded by large-scale agricultural planting areas,making full use of the local favorable water resources.Considering the management strategy of the Tang Empire for the Western Regions,it is speculated that the existing structure and layout of Toqqouz Sarai City should have been formed during the Tang dynasty.This study aims to make a digital reconstruction of the Toqqouz Sarai City by integrating archaeological spatialtemporal information from different scales,which is of great significance to fully utilize the unique perspective of remote sensing archaeology and expand the application of remote sensing technology in the study of ancient cities in the Western Regions.