中国国家博物馆藏《清人西南少数民族图册》绘制时限初探

A Preliminary Study on the Drawing Time of the Southwest Minority Ethnographic Album in the Qing Dynasty from the National Museum of China Collections

《清人西南少数民族图册》是中国国家博物馆藏数种“百苗图”之一。该图册共82幅图像,以图附诗的形式描绘清代贵州少数民族的生产生活、社会习俗等多方面内容。对比清代贵州地方志的记述,及其他“百苗图”版本中的图像数量、顺序和主题,并结合图册中的图像和文本细节,可初步判断其绘制时限为清中晚期。“百苗图”的年代考订一直是相关研究的重点和难点,本文对《清人西南少数民族图册》绘制时限的判断为后续研究奠定了基础。

The Southwest Minority Ethnographic Album in the Qing Dynasty is one of the Miao Albums in the National Museum of China.This album consists of 82 images,depicting various aspects of the production,life,customs,and other aspects of ethnic minorities in Guizhou during the Qing dynasty in the form of poems attached to the images.After comparing the number,order,and thematic content of the images which are described in the local chronicles of Guizhou during the Qing Dynasty and the publicly available version of the Miao Albums,it can be inferred that the Southwest Minority Ethnographic Album in the Qing Dynasty should be completed in the middle and late Qing dynasty.The study of the completion date of Miao Albums has always been a difficult and key point in academic research.The article's conclusion on the completion of the Southwest Minority Ethnographic Album in the Qing Dynasty lays the foundation for subsequent research.