污水处理系统碳排放影响因素及降碳策略研究

Research on Influencing Factors and Carbon Reduction Strategies of Sewage Treatment System

针对城镇污水处理系统的碳排放核算尚未形成系统性和规范化的量化核算程序的现状,初步构建了包括污水输送、污水处理、污泥处理处置、尾水排放及再生水利用环节在内的整体污水处理系统碳排放测算方法。通过测算全国2093座污水处理厂的碳排放量可知,我国污水处理厂碳排放总量强度逐年增高,冬春两季的吨水碳排放量高于夏秋两季;吨水碳排放量随着污水处理厂工程规模和运行负荷率的提高而降低,但随着出水水质标准的升高而呈现明显上升趋势。城镇污水处理主要工艺单元节能降碳管控措施主要包括进水峰值流量控制、强化工艺流程设计、精准控制运行模式等。

The lack of a systematic and standardized quantitative accounting procedure for carbon emission accounting in urban sewage treatment systems is a significant challenge.This study has developed a preliminary carbon emission measurement method for the overall sewage treatment system,including sewage transportation,sewage treatment,sludge treatment and disposal,effluent discharge from sewage treatment plant and reclaimed water utilization.Through the analysis of carbon emissions from 2093 sewage treatment plants in China,it was observed that the total carbon emission intensity of sewage treatment plants in China has been increasing annually.The carbon emission per ton of sewage in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn.Additionally,the carbon emission per ton of sewage decreased with the increase of project scale and operation load rate,but displayed a noticeable upward trend with the increase of effluent quality standard.Furthermore,the control measures of energy saving and carbon reduction in main process units of urban sewage treatment primarily involved controlling the peak inflow flow,strengthening the process design,and the operation mode accurately,etc.