不锈钢材料ELID精密磨削加工机理及工艺实验研究

Experimental Study on Machining Mechanism and Process of ELID Precision Grinding of Stainless Steel Materials

不锈钢材料因其化学性能稳定、机械强度高被广泛应用在工业生产及各类工具中。不锈钢材料在传统磨削加工中存在导热性差、韧性大、热强度和线膨胀系数高等问题,导致工件成品精度低、表面质量差且容易烧伤。本文采用ELID磨削技术对铁素体不锈钢材料进行精密磨削加工实验,通过正交实验探究加工工艺参数对加工表面质量的影响规律,获得最优工艺参数组合并进行实验验证。实验结果表明,采用最优工艺参数组合(砂轮磨粒粒度1200#,砂轮进给量0.02mm/r,砂轮线速度2200r/min,电解电流4A)可实现不锈钢材料的ELID精密磨削加工,获得样件表面粗糙度Ra为0.165μm,比传统磨削粗糙度降低了64%,且加工表面无烧伤。

Stainless steel material because of its stable chemical properties and high mechanical strength is widely used in industrial production and all kinds of tools.There are problems such as poor thermal conductivity,high toughness,high thermal strength and coefficient of linear expansion in the traditional grinding processing of stainless steel materials,which leads to low precision,poor surface quality and easy burns in the finished workpieces processed by traditional grinding.In this paper,ELID grinding technology is used to carry out precision grinding processing experiments on ferritic stainless steel materials,through orthogonal experiments,to explore the influence of processing process parameters on the processing surface quality of the law,to obtain the optimal combination of process parameters and experimental verification.The experimental results show that the optimal combination of process parameters:grinding wheel grit size 1200#,grinding wheel feed 0.02mm/r,grinding wheel linear speed 2200r/min,electrolytic current 4A,can realize ELID precision grinding processing of stainless steel materials,to obtain the surface roughness of the sample Ra 0.165μm,64%lower than the traditional grinding roughness,and the processing of the surface without burns.