保护农业生物多样性建设集约化生态田园

Protecting agricultural biodiversity and constructing intensified ecological farmland

农业集约化引发的农业生物多样性下降及农田系统生态功能失衡退化是农业绿色高质量可持续发展的重要威胁。破解集约化农田系统所存在的问题已成为国内外研究的热点,更是我国农业现代化能否如期实现的关键。本文从我国农业现代化的任务出发,结合农业生态科技发展趋势,从集约化农田系统生态功能减弱、生物多样性维持农田生态系统功能和集约化农田生物多样性保护意识欠缺三个方面分析了集约化农田生物多样性保护现状及存在的问题。针对目前集约化农田系统存在的不可持续的问题,提出了四点工作建议,旨在打造新阶段具有中国特色的集约化生态田园建设范式,向世界提供基于农业生物多样性保护的集约化农业可持续绿色发展的中国智慧和中国方案。

The decline in agricultural biodiversity and the imbalance and degradation of ecological functions within farmland systems triggered by agricultural intensification pose significant threats to the green,high-quality,and sustainable development of agriculture.Addressing the challenges inherent in intensified farmland systems has become a focal point of research both domestically and internationally,and is pivotal for the timely realization of agricultural modernization in China.This article analyzes the current status and existing issues of biodiversity conservation in intensive farmland from three aspects:the weakening of ecological functions in intensive farmland systems,the maintenance of biodiversity for farmland ecosystem functions,and the lack of awareness in biodiversity conservation in intensive farmland,based on the tasks of agricultural modernization in China and the development trends of agricultural ecological science and technology.Four action recommendations are proposed to address the current unsustainable issues in intensified farmland systems.We aim to contribute insights and recommendations for shaping a new paradigm of intensified ecological farmland construction with Chinese characteristics in the new stage,offering China′s wisdom and solutions based on the conservation of agricultural biodiversity for sustainable green development in intensified agriculture to the world.