京津冀城市群乡村人居环境质量时空演化特征及驱动机制

Study on the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms of rural living environment quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration

为有效识别京津冀城市群乡村人居环境质量时空演化特征与驱动机制,本研究以京津冀城市群乡村地区为研究区域,基于“三生空间”系统理论构建乡村人居环境质量综合评价指标体系,运用ArcGIS空间分析和地理探测器等工具,对2011—2020年京津冀城市群13市乡村人居环境质量时空演化特征进行刻画,探究其演化驱动机制。结果表明:乡村人居环境社会生产空间、自然生态空间和居民生活空间质量分别呈现出“南高北低”“发散状”和“阶梯状”的分布特征;乡村人居环境综合质量得分由2011年的1.248下降至2018年的0.947,再上升至2020年的1.164,总体呈下降趋势,空间上差异愈发显著,呈现出“南高北低,多核并举”的分布格局,形成以北京、天津、石家庄等为核心的优良区,以衡水、廊坊、沧州、唐山为中心的中等区,以秦皇岛、承德、张家口为主的薄弱区;乡村人居环境质量时空演化主要受生产空间系统与生活空间系统双系统协同驱动,乡村产业结构、产业规模以及乡村收入水平是影响乡村人居环境时空演变的主要因素。京津冀城市群乡村人居环境质量提升应注重政策引导、产业发展以及乡风生活的协同并进,因地制宜制定乡村人居环境质量提升策略。

In the context of China′s deepening rural revitalization strategy,significant changes have occurred in the rural living environment of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration.Effectively identifying its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms are important for tailoring remediation strategies according to local conditions.This study focused on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration rural areas and constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system for rural living environment quality based on the“Three Spatial Dimensions”system theory.Spatial analysis tools such as ArcGIS and geographic detector were utilized to characterize the spatiotemporal evolution features of rural living environment quality in 13 cities of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration from 2011 to 2020 and investigate the evolution-driving mechanisms.The quality of rural living environment exhibited distinctive distribution characteristics in terms of social production space,natural ecological space,and resident living space quality,with a“south-high,north-low”“dispersed”and“staggered”pattern,respectively.Overall,the comprehensive quality of rural living environment showed a declining trend,with quality scores decreasing from 1.248 in 2011 to 0.947 in 2018,further rising to 1.164 in 2020.Spatial disparities became more pronounced,forming a distribution pattern of“south-high,north-low,and multi-core development”.This pattern includes core areas with high quality around Beijing,Tianjin,and Shijiazhuang,medium-quality areas centered around Hengshui,Langfang,Cangzhou,and Tangshan,and weaker areas primarily in Qinhuangdao,Chengde,and Zhangjiakou.The spatiotemporal evolution of rural living environment quality is mainly influenced by the collaborative impact of the production space system and the living space system.Rural industrial structure,industrial scale,and rural income levels are the primary factors affecting the spatiotemporal evolution of rural living environment.Enhancing the quality of rural living environment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration should focus on policy guidance,industrial development,and the synergy of rural culture and livelihoods.Tailored strategies for improving rural living environment quality should be developed based on local conditions.