全科教师素质需求对高校小学教育全科专业人才培养的启示——以山西省运城市小学全科教师为例

The Inspiration of the Requirement of General Teachers'Quality on the Cultivation of General Talent of Primary Education Major in Colleges and Universities——Taking General Teachers in Primary Schools in Yuncheng City Shanxi Province as an Example

以运城市小学全科教师为调查对象,通过问卷调查和访谈,分析出“核心素养”背景下小学全科教师的素质现状和需求具体表现为:在专业理念与师德维度,缺乏对全科教师职业的理解与认识;在专业知识维度,缺乏通识性知识;在专业能力维度,缺乏反思与发展能力;在自身发展维度,缺乏终身学习素养和通识素养;在继续教育方面,应适当增加教师教育和实践课程。对高校小学教育全科专业人才培养的启示:(一)应深刻理解小学全科教师的内涵;(二)应准确把握专业定位,明确人才培养目标;(三)应基于“能力”标准,构建“实践取向”的课程体系;(四)应建立“四方”联动协同育人的培养机制。

Investigating the general teachers in primary schools in Yuncheng city by means of questionnaire and interview,this paper figures out the current quality and requirement of general teachers in primary schools in the context of“core competencies”.It’s found that there is a lack of recognition and understanding of general teachers in the dimension of professional concept and teacher ethics,a lack of general knowledge in the dimension of professional knowledge,a lack of reflection and development in the dimension of professional competence,and a lack of lifelong learning and general knowledge in the dimension of self-development.For their continuing education,teacher education and practical courses should be increased appropriately.The inspirations of cultivation of general talent of primary education major colleges and universities are:(1)understanding the connotation of general teacher in primary school;(2)accurately grasping professional orientation and identifying the objectivity of talent cultivation;(3)constructing a“practice-oriented”curriculum system,based on“ability”standard;(4)establishing the cultivation mechanism with the coordination of“four parties”.