中医核心术语翻译的三维模型建构——以《黄帝内经·素问》中的“气”为例

A Three-Dimensional Model for Core Terms Translation in Chinese Medicine:Case Study on“Qi”in Huangdi Neijing Suwen

中医核心术语是中医理论精髓的系统节点,但现有翻译研究忽略了其多面性以及方法论的充分性。本项研究旨在为中医跨语言知识转移提供新的理论和实践框架。以积聚中医核心术语的《黄帝内经·素问》中的“气”为例,其范畴性、谱系性、能产性、关联性、二象性、语境性的概念特性使得传统术语学理论不足以支持其完成跨语转换。文章借鉴交际术语学的理论视角,从认知(古今坐标轴、中西坐标轴)、语符(译形、译音、译义、兼译)和交际(聚合性语境、组合性语境)三个维度对“气”的现有翻译实践进行描述和解释。基于此,在兼顾不同维度翻译目标和要求的基础上提出中医核心术语的翻译策略及方法,由此建构了中医核心术语翻译的认知、语符、交际三维模型。

Core terms in Chinese medicine(CM)embody the quintessence of its theory but are often subject to oversimplified transla-tions that overlook their multifaceted nature.Aiming to offer a novel theoretical and practical framework for the cross-linguistic transfer of CM knowledge,this paper focuses on“qi”from the Huangdi Neijing Suwen,a term pivotal in aggregating CM’s core concepts,to illustrate the inadequacies of traditional terminological theories in cross-language conversion.“Qi”exhibits intricate conceptual char-acteristics including categorization,genealogy,productivity,relevance,duality,and contextuality,which challenge simple linguistic transfers.Adopting a communicative terminology perspective,this study analyzes the translation of“qi”across three dimensions:cognitive(bridging the gaps between ancient and modern,East and West),linguistic(encompassing form,sound,meaning,and in-tegrated translation techniques),and communicative(involving contexts that are both aggregative and combinative).Based on a comprehensive consideration of different dimensional translation goals and requirements,this paper proposes translation strategies and methods for CM core terms.Consequently,a three-dimensional model is constructed that integrates cognitive,linguistic,and commu-nicative aspects.