脑卒中病人照顾者照护能力干预方案的范围综述

Caregiving ability intervention program for caregivers of stroke patients:a scoping review

目的:对脑卒中病人照顾者照护能力干预性研究进行范围综述,识别照护能力干预的具体内容、结局指标和应用效果,为制定相关干预方案提供思路。方法:根据范围综述的研究框架,检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库、the Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science等国内外数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年11月20日。对纳入文献进行筛选、汇总和分析。结果:共纳入19篇文献,其中17篇随机对照试验,1篇混合研究,1篇前瞻性类试验研究。照护能力干预方案包括技术支持干预、家庭功能干预、延续性护理和个性化干预、心理支持干预。干预形式主要包括个体化评估、面对面教育、多学科团队协作、以健康手册为基础的教育、同伴支持、电话随访、入户访视和在线访视。干预频率多为每周1~3次,干预时长多为3~6个月。干预对照护能力、照顾负担、生活质量等有不同程度的影响。结论:脑卒中病人照顾者照护能力干预方案具有综合性、个性化的特点。未来研究应明确更有效的干预频率、延长干预时间。依据脑卒中病人照顾者的照护能力、照顾负担和自身健康等制定针对性的干预方案。

Objective:To review the scope of research on the intervention of caregivers′caring ability in stroke patients,so as to identify the specific content,outcome indicators and application effects of caregiving ability intervention,and provide ideas for the formulation of relevant intervention programs.Methods:According to the research framework of scope review,China National Knowledge Network,Wanfang Data knowledge Service Platform,China Biomedical literature database,the Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science and other domestic and foreign databases were searched.The search period is from November 20,2023.The included literatures were screened,summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 19 literatures were included,including 17 randomized controlled trials,1 mixed study and 1 prospective experimental study.The caregiving ability intervention plan included technical support intervention,family function intervention,continuous nursing and personalized intervention,psychological support intervention.The main forms of intervention included individualized assessment,face-to-face education,multidisciplinary teamwork,health manual based education,peer support,telephone follow-up,home visits and online visits.The frequency of intervention was usually 1~3 times per week.The duration of intervention was usually 3~6 months.The intervention had different effects on caregiving ability,caring burden and quality of life.Conclusions:The caregiving ability intervention program of stroke patients′caregivers has the comprehensive and personalized characteristics.Future studies should determine the frequency and duration of more effective interventions.According to the caring ability,caring burden and own health of the caregivers of stroke patients,the targeted intervention plan was formulated.