7种复配杀虫剂对七星瓢虫和稻螟赤眼蜂的急性毒性及初级风险评估

The Acute Toxicity and Risk Assessment of 7 Insecticides to Coccinella septempunctata and Trichogramma japonicum

为了评价7种杀虫剂对天敌昆虫的急性毒性和暴露风险。选择七星瓢虫和稻螟赤眼蜂为供试生物,采用药膜法测定了7种杀虫剂对两种天敌昆虫的急性毒性,并结合田间施药信息进行了初级风险评估。结果表明,各药剂对七星瓢虫和稻螟赤眼蜂两种天敌昆虫的毒性大小排序均为25%呋虫胺·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂>37.5%哒螨灵·噻虫胺悬浮剂>18%多杀霉素·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂>20%噻虫嗪·虱螨脲悬浮剂>40%丁醚脲·螺螨酯悬浮剂>30%联苯肼酯·苯丁锡悬浮剂>40%氟啶虫酰胺·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂,其中40%氟啶虫酰胺·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和30%联苯肼酯·苯丁锡悬浮剂对两种天敌昆虫的风险均可接受,37.5%哒螨灵·噻虫胺悬浮剂和25%呋虫胺·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂在农田内场景中,对两种天敌昆虫的风险均不可接受,在农田外场景中,仅对捕食性天敌七星瓢虫的风险可接受,18%多杀霉素·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂和40%丁醚脲·螺螨酯悬浮剂在农田内场景中仅对寄生性天敌的风险不可接受。建议在捕食性和寄生性天敌释放区,应避免使用37.5%哒螨灵·噻虫胺悬浮剂和25%呋虫胺·唑虫酰胺悬浮剂。

To evaluate the acute toxicity and exposure risk of seven insecticides against two natural enemy insects Coccinella septempunctata and Trichogramma japonicun,the acute toxicity and preliminary risk assessment of the seven insecticides to the two natural enemy insects was determined using the residual film method based on field application information.The results showed that the toxicity ranking of each insecticide to the two natural enemy insects was as follows:25%dinotefuran·tolfenpyrad SC>37.5%pyridaben·clothianidin SC>18%spinosad·tolfenpyrad SC>20%thiamethoxam·lufenuron SC>40%diafenthiuron·spiromesifen SC>30%bifenazate·fenbutatin oxide SC>40%flonicamid·spirotetramat SC.The risk assessment results indicated that a risk of 40%flonicamid·spirotetramat SC and a risk of 30%bifenazate·fenbutatin oxide SC to the two natural enemy insects were acceptable.However,a risk of 37.5%pyridaben·clothianidin SC and 25%dinotefuran:tolfenpyrad SC to the two natural enemy insects were unacceptable inside the farmland.Outside of the farmland scenario,the risks were all only acceptable for the predatory natural enemy Coccinella septempunctata.The risk of 18%spinosad·tolfenpyrad SC and the risk of 40%diafenthiuron spiromesifen SC were unacceptable only for the parasite natural enemy inside the farmland scenarios.Therefore,in the predator and parasitic natural enemy release areas,37.5%pyridaben·thiamethoxam SC and 25%dinotefuran·tolfenpyrad SC should not be used.