橡胶复合材料的Mullins效应

Mullins effect of rubber composites

橡胶复合材料在大应变加载-卸载循环作用下总是发生应变软化和滞后性回复行为,即Mullins效应。该效应显著影响材料在循环载荷作用下的使役行为及其结构稳定性,但120年以来Mullins效应机理争议极大,其理论模型难以有效指导橡胶材料加工和Mullins效应调控。通过分析已提出的“填料结构”、填料-橡胶界面、橡胶相“破坏”等主要Mullins效应机理及其缺陷,结合Mullins效应所伴随的微观结构变化扼要介绍“破坏模型”及其理论的主要学术思想、应用和局限性,阐明理论研究分歧的主要原因。结合作者课题组的工作提出Mullins效应的黏弹性机制,展示若干Mullins效应调控策略,进一步展望理论研究和调控技术的发展方向。

Rubber composites always undergo strain softening and hysteresis recovery behaviors,i.e.,Mullins effect,under the action of large strain loading-unloading cycles.This effect significantly affects the service behavior and structural stability of materials under cyclic load,but the mechanism of Mullins effect has been extremely controversial for 120 years,and its theoretical models are difficult to effectively guide the processing of rubber composites and regulate the Mullins effect.Herein the main Mullins effect mechanisms involving damages in“filler structure”,the filler-rubber interface,and the rubber phase and the defects of such mechanisms were listed.The main academic ideas,applications and limitations of developed"damage models"and their theories in combination with the microstructural changes accompanying the Mullins effect were also briefly introduced for clarifying the main reasons for the academic debate in theoretical research.Based on the work of the author's group,the viscoelastic mechanism of the Mullins effect was proposed,and several regulatory strategies of the Mullins effect were demonstrated so as to further prospect the development directions of theoretical research and regulation technology in the future.